Clinton News-Record, 1970-03-26, Page 18egiVagrwor„-v,
Canadian foam protects
.Florida crops
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There are three keys to 'the
timing for weaning dairy •calves,.
says Dr. A. D. L, Gorrill. of the
Canada Agriculture Research
Station here.
They can be weaned
according- to. their Age, weight or
the amount of starter ration
they are eating daily.
And, according to the
nutrition specialist, most .calves
handle abrupt weaning just as
well as gradual weaning.
"The traditional Method of
Shifting dairy calves from whole
or skim milk to grains and
roughages at several months of
age has changed drastically," Dr.
Gorrill adds.
"Whole milk has become too
expensive to feed to calves,
especially for the fluid milk
shipper,. As a result, many calves
are now fed their mother's first
Milk (colostrum) for a few days,
then switched to a milk
replacer."
Because the milk replacers are
also relatively expensive, Dr,
Gorrill says that more farmers
now wean their calves from
these replacers at, an early age.
• "I believe there are at least
two ways in which labor and
feed costs can be cut to
minimum," he says. "Calves can
be weaned early in life and,
when they are on a liquid diet
(either milk or milk replacer),
feeding can be cut back from
twice to once a day."
"Weaning according to starter
intake, and age is the best
method if you're aiming to keep
costs and labor to a minimum."
Holstein heifer calves can be
weaned when they are eating
from one to 11/4 pounds of
starter a day.
At the Fredericton Research
Station, some calves were eating
a pound of starter a day when
they 'were only 18 days old,
"The calves continued normal
growth after we weaned them
abruptly at this age," says Dr.
Gorrill.
All of the 24 calves in the
experiment were weaned
abruptly by the time they were
35 days old. A few were still not
eating a pound a day of starter
by this time, but, under most
conditions, milk replacer should
not be fed for more than five
weeks because it is too
expensive.
The average weaning age in
the experiment was 27 days. The
average body weight at weaning
was 112 pounds. By the time the
calves were s* months old, they
averaged 365 pounds a daily
body weight gain of 11/2 pounds
a day between the age of five
days and six Months.
Only 13 pounds of milk
replacer powder were fed to
,each calf weaned at 20 days of
age; calves weaned at 35 days of
age each consumed about 31'
pounds of milk replacer powder.
To wean calves according to
starter ration intake, a farmer
needs individual pens where
calves can be kept until they are
five weeks old.
"Offer them starter ration
and good quality hay when they
are three to five days old," says
Dr. Gorrill, "Give them a pound
or less of starter at a time until
they eat that much in a day,
"Farmers can wean them
when, they are eating a pound to
11/2 pounds of starter a day, but
don't carry them along on milk
or milk replacer after they are
five weeks old.
"After they're weaned, feed
about four to five pounds of
starter daily along with a good
quality roughage. And make sure
they have access to clean, fresh
water from the time they are a
few days old."
Farmers who plan to wean
according to weight need a set of
scales to weigh the calves at least
once a week. The advantage of
this system: smaller calves get a
better break because they are
Elmira Maple
Syrup Festival
The Elmira Maple Syrup
Festival will be held on April 4.
This town is in the middle of
Ontario's Mennonite country,
and the aroma of home baking,
flapjacks and amber colored
maple syrup will be a "city
dwellers" delight.
Activities include tours to the
sugarbush, old crafts such as
quilting, looming, rug making,
wool spinning and many others.
This day of activity and
excitement is a unique family
outing that comes only once a
year — so make plans now to go
to Elmira on April 4.
fed milk or milk replacer for a.
longer period of time. The
problems; most dairymen don't
have scales and the time to
weigh calves frequently..
The third system, weaning
according to age, is the easiest,
but • not always the best
.apptoach, says Dr. Gorrill.
"Many experiments have
shown that calm can be
successfully weaned at three to
five weeks of age."
Thorgioy, March 20, 197Q SA
STUDIO
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Clinton News-Retort
Three keys to the timing
for weaning dairy calves
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When the weatherman calls
for overnight frosts in Florida,
some growers rush out and begin
spreading a Canadian blanket of
foam over their watermelon,
strawberry or tomato crops.
They are the first North
American farmers to use a
rec ently-developed Canadian
foam product and applicator to
protect sensitive crops from
frost.
By spring, W. N. Howe of
Laurentian Concentrates Ltd.
expects farmers from Texas,
Wise °coin, Michigan,
Massachussetts, Pennsylvania
and Ontario — to mention only a
few areas — will be buying the
foam products from • his
Ottawa-area company.
He's being flooded with'
enquiries about the new product
from all corners of the globe and
from all sectors of the
agricultural industry — everyone
from research scientists to
farmers, university professors to
manufacturers and newspaper
reporters to government
officials.
"So many people have told
me that I've got a tiger by the
tail that I'm beginning to take
them seriously," says the genial
Mr. Howe.
Agrifoam, as the product is
called, was developed with the
assistance of two federal
government departments.
Dr. David Siminovitch of the
Cell Biology Research Institute
at the Canada Department of
Agriculture is the man who first
pursued the idea of protecting
crops from frost with a blanket
of• foam.
Dr. Siminovitch knew plenty
about frost and the manner in
which it affects plants, but he
knew next to nothing about
foams.
That's where Laurentian
Concentrates Ltd. entered the
picture. The company is
Canada's only manufacturer of
fire-fighting foams and Mr.
Howe was definitely interested
in Dr. Siminovitch's idea.
With the help of the
Department of Industry, Trade
Program, ,eof.,*e Assistance Keato
Industrial Technology, the CDA
researchers and James Butler,
head of research for Laurentian
Concentrates Ltd., devised both
the foam and the applicators.
Four machines are on the
market and orders began
flooding in from places as widely
separated as Florida and
London, Ont., as soon as the
first models rolled off the
assembly line.
In Florida, the interest comes
mainly from tomato,
watermelon and strawberry
growers.
In the London, Ont., area,
tobacco farmers are showing a
great deal of interest following
• trials at the CDA Research
Station at Delhi.
Others interested include
everyone from orange to grape
growers and even engineers who
think the foam might be a good
frost protector for newly-poured
concrete.
All of the machines will be
made in Canada in a
recently-acquired warehouse.
Foam for the Canadian and
overseas markets will be
produced by Laurentian
Concentrates Ltd. at the Thurso,
Que., plant; in the United States,
National Foam System Inc. of
West Chester, Pa., has been
licensed to produce the foam,
but not the applicators. The
foam, besides protecting plants
from frosty is completely
non-toxic.
The applicators range frOin a
tractor-mounted power takeoff
Model to a Model that includes a
mounted air compressor.
qi FILL LAP
The foam concentrate —
enough to make 600 gallons of
foam — is sold in metal
containers of the imperial gallon
size in Canada or the U.S, gallon
size for south of the border.
A 11/2 inch blanket of foam
for seedling tomato plants will
cost about $25 an acre; for
bigger, transplanted tomatoes
(eight to 10 inches tall) the cost
would be about $35 an acre.
Costs depend on the thickness of
the foam blanket and the width
of the strip being laid down.
About 20 acres can be
blanketed in nine hours with the
smallest of the four models.
. The foam, which is harmless
to even the most delicate
blooms, disappears within 24 to
48 hours. When it's applied, h,
has the consistency of rich
shaving lather or whipped cream.
When it dissipates, it fluffs up
'like suds and either vanishes like
broken soap bubbles or floats
away like an errant balloon.
There is a further possibility
that the same general idea would
be used to apply pesticides.
The advantages: an end to
problems of drift, the possibility
that a foam could add a
slow-release feature and the
Possibility that foam-carried
pesticides could be applied more
evenly;
Some people have called the
new product crazy foam —
crazy, like a fox!
Rabbit breeders
first anniversary
This protype machine led to the development of current
_models and foam. The foam blanket, being applied here to
tomato plants, dissipates within 24 to 48 hours and is
completely safe, even to the most delicate blooms.
Fungicidal sprays control scab
Spraying apple orchards to
control scab disease is fairly
costly, but the results are worth
the investment of money and
time, says Dr. R. G. Ross of the
Canada Agriculture - Research
Station in Kentville, N.S.
In Nova Scotia, use of better
fungicidal sprays and methods of
application have reduced the
incidence of the disease to a
remarkable degree, adds the
federal plant pathologist.
Surveys made annually since
1948 in 66 orchards show the
pattern of decline in apple scab.
From 1948 to 1953, an average
of 20 percent of the apples in
the orchards were infected with Fungicidal spray programs are
scab; by 1960 the average had expensive but, until a less costly
dropped to five percent, and and equally as effective method
since then, to two percent. In ' of control is developed, there is
1969, 62 of the orchards were no alternative for growers, says
practically free of the disease, Dr. Ross,
may also be used as a spray for
this purpose.
Herds kept free of virus
pneumonia and atrophic rhinitis "
are free of mange, but it is found
decrease-imp ig. perforrnance.----inr.rogatQonyen
Mr. J. G. Norrish, Swine
Specialist, and Dr. P. G. Oliver,
both of the Ontario Department
of Agriculture and Food, note
that control of these parasites is
simple and inexpensive. Lice are
easily recognized, and are found
around the ears, backs and sides
of the affected animals, Lice
suck blood as well as piercing
the skin. Coumaphos (Co-ral)
and malathion, both used as
sprays, are registered for the
control of lice on pigs. Lindane
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The March meeting of the
South Huron Rabbit Breeders
was 'held Tuesday, March 10, in
Elimville Hall with a very good
turn out of members to
celebrate the first anniversary of
the club's formation.
Highlight of the evening was
election of officers as Mr.
George Carpenter was chairman
for nomination of 'officers.
David Stanley of RR 2,
and Commexe,
! w 41 iP4gY "V
De
e
n
'S
f
id
iel
i
d
t
,
,'"I
w
ticc
a. dienlected
WilliaminfinancialApport threaghlits s
t'llicW Pat ';DickeSr 'dfirr•AnguS
"Murray were returned to office
as vice-president and
secretary-treasurer respectively.
Mrs. Shirley Willis was elected
press reporter for the coming
year.
Auctioneer for the Dutch
Auction was Ron Parsons and
winner of the prize was Sandra
Murray.
Lunch was served following
the meeting. The next meeting
of the club will be held April 14
in Elimville Hall.
CURRIE'S
with an incidence of less than
one .percent. Results in the other
four, however, showed that scab
will remain a problem if spraying
is neglected or done Improperly.
The four, poorly sprayed, had a
disease incidence of about 22
percent.
Eight to 12 sprays are
required during the growing
season to control scab and Nova
Scotia growers spend an
estimated five to 10 cents per
bushel on fungicides and their
application to protect a
provincial crop amounting to
about 3,500,000 bushels,
• Spray to control parasites
Lice and mange are the most
common external parasites in
pigs. Both parasites pierce the
skin and, apart from causing
intense irritation, lead - to• a
Pip that have mange will scratch
themselves constantly, the skin
will become reddened and
scurfy, and in advanced cases,
very thick of the legs. Lindane
and maiathion, again used as
sprays, are registered for control
of mange.
Both Mr. Norrish and Dr.
Oliver note that when these
chemicals are used for the
control of lice and mange, the
directions for use must be
followed exactly.
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