HomeMy WebLinkAboutThe Wingham Times, 1888-04-13, Page 2FARM.
Barone( FROM ONTARIO COQNTE.
Wortioulture and gemology in this county
are more and more Deming to the front. The.
aollitiea here are bettor for fruit than for
grain production. The currant Is beginning
to take the lead among small fruit.
The Windsor cherry has no equal, either
for home use or for market. Montmorenoy
Ordinaire is a finekiad for market. Cherries
demand good culture as well as other
finite. Peaches should be well thinned early
in the season to make nice salable fruit.
IDarly Rivera is a good early peach. At.
tention is called to a Texas production,
Nine's Surprise, which is earlier than Rivera,
and an entire freestone.
Steven's Rareripe can be recommended as
late peach. Salway gives a big crop, having
a tendency to overbear. The Kieffer is
simply wonderful (Mr. Willard has again
sold his crop at a big price, and states that
the commission merchants telegraphed him
to ship a carload). The apple crop has
brought more money to the county than any
other crop. Buyers begin to discriminate,
and will not pay a first-class price for infer-
ior fruit any more. It pays to pack the ap-
ples so that you will be proud to have your
name on the outside of barrel. Spray with
Paris green. Give food to trees and good
sultivation.
Sutton's Beauty apple, and McIntosh Red
deserve special mention among the new
varieties. McIntosh is the handsomest of
all, and of fine quality. Yellow Trans-
parent is becoming popular.
W RANCHMAN'S COMMISSARYDEPARTMENT.
A ranohman'a life is certainly a very
pleasant one, albeit generally varied with
plenty of hardship and anxiety. Although
occasionally he passes days of severe toil—
for example, if he goes on the round up he
works as hard as any of his men --yet he no
longer has to undergo the monotonous
drudgery attendant upon the tasks of the
cowboy or of the apprentice in the busi-
ness. His fare is simple ; but, if he choose,
it is good enough. Many ranches are pro-
vided with nothing at all but salt pork,
loaned goods, and bread ; indeed, it is a
endows fact that in travelling through this
cow country it is often impossible to get
any milk or butter; but this is only because
the owners or managers are too lazy to take
enough trouble to insure their own comfort.
We ourselves always keep up two or three
sows, choosing such as are naturally tame,
and so we invariably have plenty of milk
and, when there is time for churning, a
good deal of butter.
We also keep hens, which, in spite of the
damaging inroads of hawks, bob cats and
foxes, supply us with eggs, and in time of
need, when our rifles have failed to keep ns
in game, with stewed, roast, or fried chicken
also. From our garden we get potatoes, and
mnleas drought, frost or graeshoppers inter-
fere (which they do about every second
year) other -vegetables as well. For fresh
meat we depend chiefly upon our prowess as
lsunters.--Thedore Roosevelt in the Century.
BROKIyr LHGGED HORSES.
Some years ago, writes a correspondent of
The Cultivator, a two-year-old colt, with
others in an outlying 'mature, was found
with a foreleg broken above the knee and
ordt'sache ha_nging limp and useless. It was early
Jane, hot weather coming on. The animal,
though fairly gentle, had never been accus-
tomed to stall or harness. I knew it was
'useless - to attempt putting it in a sling or
adjusting a splint or a bandage if left in
�tture. There was a small lot available,
wI—@hexcellent grazing, water and shade.
In this the colt was placed, simply watched,
given a little extra nourishment in form of
oats, and left to its fate. The Ieg hung in
snob a way that the bone was in a natural
position, and the muscles were used to keep
the foot clear of the ground. The animal
moved about on three legs for a month,
took care of the one injured, and I do not
think it attempted to Iie down during this
time. Then it began to put its foot to the
ground and gradually to use the leg. By
this time pasturage failed. In the fall it
had a substantially sound leg again, and
was a useful animal for years. When trot-
ing it showed a slight lameness, probably
due to a little shortening of the injured leg,
but in field work and all ordinary farm par-
eses it proved a thoroughly serviceable
arse.
Y •
SPAvmTLD ARABIANS.
'United States Senator Palmer determined
to have on his farm at Detroit, at least five
full-blooded Arabian mares, and sent an
agent to Arabia to purchase the animals at
any coat. The agent has telegraphed his
'inability to secure the horses. Upon his
arrival at Damaecua he learned that a firman
had been issued by the Sultan prohibiting
the further exportation of horses because .of
the probability of war, in which event they
would be needed. This did not daunt
Senator Palmer's agent, neither did the
historical belief that no Arabian horses aro
ever disposed of except as gifts to royal.per-
sonages and for purposes of war. He push-
ed on and had little trouble in persuading
the Sultan to revoke his firman in the
interests of a United States Senator. He
was elated by his success in this direction,
but he has nevertheless signally failed in his
effort to get the horses. The rules against
selling did not prevent his success, how-
ever ; he failed from a far different cause, it
being none other than the fact that every
horse shown him was spavined, ringboned,
wind-broken, blind or eficted with some
ether disease to which horses, even the
pink.oyed, soft -skinned Arabian species, are
subject.
SWITZERLAND'S MILCH COWS.
Switzerland has 660,000 milch oows, all of
native breed, and divided into two sharply
defined races, the brown and the spotted,
Ike former color varies from deep fawn to
'souse gray, the latter shade being held
hi the most esteem. The brown race
is short -horned and considered as the origi-
nal type. It corresponds to the remains
kind on the sites of:the Roman cities of the
third century of our area. The skulls of this
Pace, fui thormona are identical with chose
found in the Swiss lake dwellings. The
Hotted rade, peenliar to Berne and
Jribonrg, is believed to be of Scandinavian
origin. Prom the milking point of view
*ere is not very much differenoe in either
rase. The average daily yield is about
twenty pounds.
Difeks usually bogie to lay in February,
�euntil that ttni they may be kept at but
exposes. Cooked turnips, with a small
I; ,
amount of oorn.meal, make good food for
them. After they begin to lay they should
have a proportion of animal food,
The great flow of milk of oows is artificial,.
In a state of nature the Dow gives only the
nooessery quantity, and gives it only the
neoessary time to sustain the calf, Tho
greater and longer yield of milk is the re,
butt of better feeding, batter treatment and
longer manipulation of the teats. Hence to
increase the Yield of milk, feed and milk
well.
Remember that planta to do the work
they ought to do require " standing -room."
They must have a mellow, porous soil or
their feet will be cramped. It pays to take
the time to prepare soil properly. Old
Jethro Tull found to his coat that tillage
alone would not keep up the fertility of hie
fields, but he found what thousands since
bis time have proved, that tillage and man-
ure work well together. Don't depend upon
surface tillage too much, Pulverize the soil
to begin with.
Grass lands, as a rule, are neglected by
our small farmers. But little attention is
paid to draining in fall and winter, and no
mulching or attempted improvements. As
soon as the warm weather approaches, sheep
and cows are turned in to feed on the young
blades, and if the cows give milk, and the
lambs grow fairly well for the butoher, that
ends the matter. If more caro were given
to seeding down and getting a good stand of
grass, no better means could be devised to
insure improved methods of farming. With
well seeded fields there need be leas plowing,
and that might be properly limited to the
area that can be thoroughly manured and
cultivated, A really good grass or clover
crop will pay better average profits than
those requiring much more labor.
"Does your cow cringe and curl," asks
The New England Farmer, " and appear
nervous and fidgety when you sit down to
mirk her ?" Well, not much, she doesn't.
She isn't that kind of a cow. She isn't one
of your shy, timid, bashful cows. She just
fixes her eyes on vacancy with a glare that
will raise a blister on an oak knot, sticks her
tail straight up in the air, stiff as a poker,
planta three feet firmly on the ground and
then feels around with the other for the
milkpail, milkstool, milkmaid ; finds them ;
fires them up somewhere into the blue em•
pyrean, and remarking, " Ha, ha .'" amid
the shouting, jumps over a six rail fence and
tramples down an acre of young gaeden.
Don't talk about cringing and curling to a
cow that has to be milked with a pipe, line
and a pumping station.
Big Windfalls.
Naval men, especially in the last century,
have often grown rich on the proceeds of a
tingle successful expedition, or even on those
of a single captured hostile ship. In 1743,
during Commodore Anson's cruise, for ex-
ample, the Centurion, on June 20, took the
Spanish galleon Nostra Signo'-a de Cabadan-
go, which had on board bullion and cargo to
the sine of £400,000 ; and, before the Com-
modore returned to England, his squadron
captured other vessels which were worth
£600,000. Anson'a share of this sum was, I
believe, over £'0,000. Again, on July 30,
1745, the Prince Frederick, Captain James
Talbot, brought home prizes which, with
their cargoes, were worth over £1,000,000.
The treasure and plate alone filled forty-five
waggons, and the oaptain'nshare onthe;pinns
der was abont £120,000. In the same year
another English vessel took a Spanish ship
with £400,000 on board, and a third, the
Surprise, captured a French East Indianian
worth £150,000. Other captures in 1745
were the Charmante ('200,000), the Heron
(£140,000), the Notre Dame de la Delivrance
(600,000) and the Conception. The latter's
cargo—I take the details from a contempor.
ary account—consisted of a large quantity
of cocoa, sixtyeight chests of silver, gold
and silver coin to the amount of over £200,-
000, much plate, a two -wheeled chaise, the
wheels and axle trees, etc., of which were
of silver set with diamonds and other pre-
cious stones, and a quantity of gold in bars.
" When the ship was put up for sale, the
French captain, upon the promise of a're-
ward from Captain Frankland, the captor,
discovered to him 30,000 pistoles, which
were concealed in a place where no one
would have ever dreamed of finding any-
thing." This ship was one of the richest
prizes ever taken ; but its value was exceed-
ed by that of the Ilermoine, a Spanish
treasure -ship, which was taken in 1762 by
Captain Pownhall, of the Favourite. The
three ]ieutenants"of the vessel received as
their shares £(3,000 apiece, and the captain
obtained £65,000, while £64,000 went to the
flag offiaera on the Mediterranean station,
where the capture was made. The admiral
was at the time miles away from the scene
of action, and had very little to do with
the capture.
The German Crown Prince.
It is devoutly to be hoped that the Crown
Prince of Germany is not the unfeeling
wretch and the firebrand he is pictured by
the newspaper correspondents. Otherwise
hie accession to power, which there is reason
to fear must come all to soon, can scarcely
fail to be the signal for a general European
conflagration. It is not unlikely that the
portrait presented of him is greatly over-
drawn. If he is as represented, braeque
in manner and democratic in feeling, he is
just the character liable to be misunderstood
in the Court circles 'ia which ho moves.
There is at least a palpable contradiction be-
tween the representation of him as a man of
harsh and war.loving disposition, and that
which shows him as an idol of the common
people. The professional soldier may, in.
deed, admire such it character. But the toil-
ing masses of Germany, as elsewhere, cannot
be lovers of war, or of those who would in-
volve them needlessly in its hardships and
horrors. European wars are generally waged
by despots or dynasties. All the interests
of the people are opposed to war, and it can
scarcely be credited that their sympathies
would be with the man who would lead them
into it, unless in defence of the national
honour. It ie on the common penp'o that
the enormous burdens of modern warfare
fall moat heavily. They have to pay the
taxes. Theirs it is to make the forced
marches, to occupy the trenches, to shed the
blood, while the favoured few carry oft the
honors and reap the rewards of victory. It
is incredible that the people should long for
the enthronement of a fighting monarch, or
that if Prince William is really their friend
and favorite, he can be impatient to lead the
national army to the battlefield.
Bishop Sullivan, of Algoma, is expected
to leave for England in May, to endeavor
to oomlate the endearment of his diooese
for whipah 00,000 fs still needed,
Sam Jones Says Some New Things
In a New Lecture.
"My subject," ho said, "is ' Get there,'
with the ' Eti,' left out, as you know I am
constitutionally averse to slang of any sort—
(laughter)—and for that reason 11eft t,ff the
In a sontonee beginning with the charact-
eristic word, " Really," Sam Jones paid a
high compliment to the social and religious
Life of Toronto, and then said. " It seems
as if Toronto is already getting there, and
is sitting there waiting for E:i to come sip."
The lecturer said he didn't intend to show
his hearers how to get there aeverally, finan-
cially or politioally—making these remarks
by the way :—
Riches are like a walkiugatiok ; one will
help you along but fifty on your back will
break you down."
" If 1 should get you there politically you
would be covered with more mud than you
could wash oft iu all your life."
How to get tbore in the boat aenae, he
said, involved three things :-1. Some one
who wants to go elsewhere. 2. A route or
way. 3. Destination.
"I don't stick very close to my subject,"
he said, "but I always stick to my crowd,
and there's a good deal in that."
BUILDING A FIRST-CLASS NAN.
" Really, it's a very hard matter to build
a regular first•cless man. We have got
plenty of material, but the patterns are so
scarce. If I had a hundred ordinary men
to make one first class man out of I would
be very economioal with my dirt. (Laugh-
ter.) You have got enough pieces in Toron-
to to; make a thousand men, but they won't
fit one another.
The lecturer expressed a great dislike to
the sentiment of the hymn, " Oh, to be no-
thing," and wanted to know how " nothing"
could wear a crown or play a harp. Then
he disliked to hear a man singingp" 1 am no-
thing but a worm of the dust."
"Suppose you went away from home, and
your wife sent you a letter directed ' My
Dear Old Worm of the Dust,' wouldn't there
be war in Egypt ? Or, suppose 3 ou address-
ed her, ' My Dear Worme,s of the Dust.'
(Great Laughter). You're no worm."
'' I believe in depravity, but 1 would never
stop to discuss whether it is total or partial.
I would just say, ' You have got enough
meanness to damn you, and you had better
look out,' and if a fellow wants any more
than that, he's greener than I am."
" We're not putrefaction and decay, but
the good in us is out of fix. Here is a good
tongue, but it tells lies ; here is a good hand,
but it knocked a fellow down yesterday.
Sin is simply the perversion of a God-given
faculty."
"I love to see a man with a high concep-
tion of manhood. Instead of singing ' I'm
nothing,' let us sing ' I'm the child of a
king.' Instead of singing ' I want to be an
angel,' let us say ' I want to be a man."
Having secured the right kind of a man
to "get there," one who is pure, noble, true,
genuine to the core—the lecturer proceeded
to discuss the " way."
"All liars," he said, "are in the false.
way, and it looks like that way's powerfully
crowded. Everybody here that hasn't told
a lie in twelve months stand up."
A very few rose, whip the rest laughed at
the apparent confirmation of the lecturer's
charge. " Five preachers got up," he said ;
and then he quoted the, language of a little
boy who said that lying was worse than
stealing ;—" If you steal something you can
take it back : but if you tell a lie you can't
take that book."
Speaking of the virtue of patience, he said
—" It is to life just what an egg is to coffee
—it settles the whole business. Mother, if
you have a little more patience you will be
a precious mother; and if you have patience
enough you will be a grandmother.' (Laugh-
ter.)
PREACHING 01? DEATH.
Sam Jones thought the preachers were in-
clined to taik too much about death and
not enough about life. "There is not a
single word in the whole Bible telling a man
to get religion because he is going to die ;
every appeal is, ' give your heart to God,
for you shall live forever.'"
He was not inclined, however, to be very
severe on the class of sermons which seer,
" You had better get religion ; you will die
next week." "That's a pretty good string
to run your old rascals in with. I don't
know what you preachers would do if you
couldn't fall back on that. If au angel were
to come down nere and say that everybody
would live for a hundred years, you wouldn't
get ten dollars on your salary this year.
(Laughter.) Who's going to church and
prayer meeting and pay the preacher, if
he's not going to die ? But at the end of
about 95 years they would bo hiring another
preacher and saying, ' We've got to go to
the boneyard in another five years and we've
got to get fixed up for it."
To a preacher who had asked him how to
infuse more life into his church he said :—
"Next Sunday just walk out of the pulpit,
grab an old bench warmer and throw him
out of the window. On Monday morning
you will have to pay ten dollars in the
Police Court and five dollars for the windo v,
but next Sunday morning you will have
three thousand people trying to get into the
church to see a preacher that has done
semcthing. (Laughter.) We hive got to
do something or we'll never be respected."
HEAD OFF THE DOG.
" Here goes a rabbit, running a mile a
minute—hustling himself. A man says,
Run, rabbit, run ; it's only half a mile to
your den.' Rabbit says, 'Mister, you needn't
enc enrage me to run ; just head off that
dog,'" (Laughter.)
"There's too much encouraging the rabbit
and too little heading off the dog. (Ap-
plause.) You can preach anything you like
to a woman who knows her husband is un.
faithful to her, but she's in hell every
minute she breathes. So with the woman
with a drunken husband."
"Let's preach against the barrooms and
the gambling dens and the shameless house,
the dogs that aro chasing our people down
to destruction ; let's head the dog a heap,
and encourage the rabbit a little." (Ap-
plause.) It don't take much grit to encour-
age the rabbit, but you've got to look out
when you head tho dog off."
"The preachers always say to me, ' You
head off the dog and I'll encourage the
rabbit.' I was here for three weeks and I
hardly got to speak to the rabbit at all."
People grumbled sometimes abont his
style of preaching, the lecturer said, but no-
body dould complain that they didn't under.
stand him. "1 always put my fodder on
the ground, where everything from a goat
to a giraffe oan get it." : (Laughter).
Enterprise, enthusiasm, courage, kind•
i
Hess, were some of the qualities which were
needed in artier is t6 get there." Speaking
of courage, he approved of the course of the
Quaker who, having been struckk on one
cheek presented the other, then pulled off
hie coat and said, " And now, having fut•
tilled the Scriptural injunction, I propose to
give you the best whipping you ever had in
your life."
A new definition of the dude was given..
"A little pimple on tho body of eooiety,
showing that society's blood is out of con-
dition,'
Speaking of kindness, the lecturer gave
an excellent picture of the self-satisfied air
of a lady who has given an old threadbare
dross to a poor woman, " Oh, there's another
treasure Laid up in .Heaven."
" The worst that could happen to you
when you get to Heaven would be to make
you wear all the old dresses you have given
away. You wouldn't go calling mach for
the first few years."
That which delighted the audience most
was the lecturer's illustration of the differ-
ence betweena Temperance man and aProhi-
bitionist. The Temperance men are pulling
the poor old drowning drunkards out of the
river ; but the Prohibitions have gone up the
river a few miles fighting the crowd that are
throwing the people in. " As soon as we
Prohibitionists get our work in, you Tem.
perance people will be out of a job."
" There are more Prohibitionists in Amer.
ica today than there were Abolitionists in
America ten years before Mr. Lincoln signed
the proolamation that made the slaves free,
and just as certain as that God was on the
side of the Union pause and the emancipation
of the slaves He is on the side of Prohibi-
tion, and the proclamatio n will be signed
that will sound the death knell of the liquor
traffic and make all these slaves of drink
free."
Our New Game Bill.
Forest and Stream contains a letter from
Ernest E. Thompson, of this city, giving a
summary of the amendments embodied in
the Phelps Game Preservation Bill recently
passed by the Legislature, and referring as
follows to the fate of the measure for the
better protection of birds : " You will be
sorry to learn that our bill for the protection
of birds has been thrown out for this year
by means of a shameful double shuffle to ex-
plain which it will be necessary to detail the
Stages of such a bill in our Legislature.
First it is prepared by parties interested and
given into the charge of a member who in-
troduces it, After which it goes into commit-
tee, the member in charge selecting his own
committee. A number of experts on the
subject are then called up for examination
before the committee and the bill is remodel-
led and perfected, after which it must pass
its second and third readings in the House
before it becomes law. Now one of the
Toronto members, Mr. John Leys, profess-
ing an interest in the matter, was allowed
to take charge of the bill prepared by the
Natural History Society. He then selected
a committee to suit himself—violated all his
promises of giving us a chance to speak—
sent only for our opponents, the representa-
tives of the Gun Club, and succeeded in hav-
ing the whole thing thrown out."
Our contemporary comments as follows on
the contents of Mr. Thompson's letter :
" Sportsmen, naturalists and all other peo.
ple who are interested in the preservation
of game and birds, will be sorry to learn of
the action of the Ontario Legislature refer-
red to in another column. It will be seen
that the bill as reported does not forbid the
dogging of deer, nor does it provide that
the intendinghunter must procure a license.
The provision that only five deer may be
killed by one or more hunters from one
camp will be a dead letter, since it can never
be enforced. The section requiring three
months' residence in the province before any
person shall be at liberty to kill deer, or
other game, amounts to a practical barring
out of all residents of the United States
from shooting privileges in Ontario, and
will seem a severe hardship to those clubs
whose members reside on this side of the
line. Some of these clubs have spent large
sums of money in the purchase of extensive
tracts of wild and worthless land, and have
gone to considerable expense in putting im-
provements on such property. A bill such
as the one reported would, if it became a
law, mean little less than confiscation of the
property of these associations. The matter
will no doubt receive attention before long
from persons interested. There can be no
question about the wisdom of absolutely
prohibiting the killing of moose until 1895.,
These grand animals are growing scarce in
Octavio ; indeed, by some they are said to
be almost extinct. The failure of the bird
protective bill is a misfortune, and empha-
sizes again the point which we have so often
urged, that the people at large need to be
educated as to the enormously important
part played by our small birds in tho econ-
omy of nature. If the people of America
cannot be brought to comprehend the value
to agriculture of these indefatigable aids to
the farmer, the United States and Canada
as well will ere long have to pay a heavy
penalty for their heedlessness.
In no business is technical education of
more importance than in the avocations con-
nected with the tillage of the soil, and yet
the recent cry for trade instruction can
scarcely be said to have extended in this
direction. Holland, Denmark and Germany
furnish extensive facilities of the kind to the
sons of farmers, and in each of these coun-
tries particular attention is paid to the prac.
tical and scientific teaching of all matters
a?pertaining to the dairy. The Royal Agri.
cultural Society of England has taken the
question up and the Departmental Commis-
sion on Agricultural and Dairy Schools has
just issued its final report, in which is recom-
mended State assistance for the teohdioal
instruotion of the sons and daughters of
farmers. In this country a great deal bas
been done in this direction, but a great
deal more should be done. The edu.
cation of farmers' children should be
more thorough and systematic. They
are bone to the greatest and moat nee
emery industry in the world and their
training should be commensurate With its
importance.
A Chinese dootor in New York prescribed
for a suffering fellow•Celestial a decootion of
lotus seeds, sweet potato skins, shark's fins,
red herring scales, willow leaves, grasshop-
per legs, frog's eyes, lizard's tongues, oyster
shells and sugar Dane root, and several other
Chinese physicians pronounced the pre-
scriber a quack, It is understood that the
critics would have substituted bat's wings
for the frog's eyes.
T
Champagne, Pleasure and Busl-
ness.
The men who started penniless and
have built up large fortunes, have, for
the most part, been men of simple hab.
its. They have wasted very little upon
themselves, Tbey have been content
with plain clothes and moderato person-
al expenses, The elder Astor was of that
school. He wanted little for personal
gratification ; but ho wanted muoh in the
way of fortune. He gained this by a li'e
of industry, abstomiouanese and econo-
my. The fast man rarely gains a for-
tune. The talent for spending money rapid-
ly on one's self never goes with the talent
of acquiring money. The older Vanderbilt
was abstemious. His principal indulgence
was in fast horses, but he was not consplca•
ous at horse races, nor in the betting lista.
He was a prodigious worker to the last, as
have been nearly all the men who have ac-
quired large fortures. Indeed, hard work
had become a law of their lives. Girard was
a worker and an abstemious man to the last.
Johns Hopkins, being a Quaker, could not
be otherwise than temperate, industrious
and careful in his expenditures. In fact,
looking over the list of rich men who have
been benefactors, that is, have given consid-
erable of their fortunes to public institutions,
hardly a fastenan can be found among them.
The latter class spend money upon them-
selves, and rarely havo any desire to do any
great things for the public. The inspiration
of champagne has never boon good in this
direction. It has never helped men to make
fortunes but it has helped a great many to
spend them. The poor men who struck out
in new countries and acquired great wealth,
grasped great enterprises and planned bene-
ficent things for the public never had their
brains muddled very much with champagne
or other indulgences in fast living. Wher-
ever the success of mon in the long run de-
pended upon physical and mental stamina—
upon brawn and brains—they have, for the
most, part, drawn the reins pretty close
upon all sorts of indulgences. The ex-
ceptions only go to make the rule one of
general acceptance, The roystering, dis-
sipated men do not succeed in the long run.
Other men outstrip them in the race for
success.
There was the elder Garrett, who made
the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad one of the
best paying railroad properties in the
Union. In efficient and successful manage-
ment it was cited as the model railroad of
the country. Its stook was so good and the
road was on such a solid basis, that the city
of Baltimore, the Johns Hopkins University
and several other public institutions invest-
ed their funds in the road, because the
steady ten per cent, dividends brought a
better income than they could get for money
in any other investment. As long as the
elder Garrett lived the road maintained its
status as the best managed road in the
country. The Johns Hopkins University
was sure of its dividends. All the Widows'
and Orphans' funds invested there were
sure of dividends. The elder Garrett had
no occasion for champagne suppers. His
habits were almost as simple and abstem-
ious as were those of the Quaker, Johns
Hopkins, who had unshaken faith in the
permanent value of the property in which
he had so large an interest. The elder Gar-
rett dying, was succeeded by his son itt the
presidency of the road. There was a great
difference in the character and habits of
the two men. The son had come to a
great fortune without any effort on his
part. Those who expected that he would
fill the place of hie father have been greatly
disappointed. The great railway property
began to depreciate. The road was extend-
ed to Philadelphia. Garrott had a plan of
extending it to New York, or rather to the
Shore of Staten Island. It was while ho
was broaching this plan to Vanderbilt at
his home in New York that the latter sud-
denly expired. The last dividend was
passed, the company has been obliged to
sell its telegraph lines, its express and
sleeping -car business, and to borrow ten
millions or more to bridge over present em-
barrassments. There is a striking contrast
in the actual condition of the road now and
at the time of the elder Garrett's death,
Much of this difference can bo traced
to the succession of the younger Garrett.
The son was not like his father. He was
not girded up for a life of self-denial and
hard work. He was, in the phrase of the
day, a swell young man, very much given
to clubs, parties, champagne suppers and to
various other indulgences. It became evi-
dent that a young man of euch habits was
not equal to the management of this great
railroad property. He was compelled to
step out. Then came the story of Garrett's
rushing back from Eur',pe, Sim threats to
upset the sale of the telegraph line and to
rovolutiohize things generally, and the story
of his removal from New York to Baltimore
under the care of friends, with an intimation
that he was not in his right mind, whatever
that might mean. The son did not choose to
follow in the footsteps of his father. He
struck out new paths. The result is no
longer a secret. It is not a solitary instance
of this kind of divergence. If there is any
moral here it ie that champagne suppers,
social excesses, a fast, sensuous life do not
go well with business ; and themilliona of the
father cannot make up for these defects in
his lineal successor. The exactions of busi-
ness were never greater than they are to-
day. These emergencies cannot bo fairly
met with muddled brains, nor with anything
less than absolute self -command and a devo-
tion which puts all over -indulgence out of
sight and out of mind. It is as true to -day
as it ever was that the winning men in near-
ly all leading pursuits, adhere to the condi-
tion of temperate living to insure clear
thinking and the largest success.—[San
Francisco Bulletin.
On some parts of the coast of Sumatra
and the neighboring islands the fishermen
test the depth of the sea and also the nature
of the sea bottom by the noises they hear on
applying the ear to one end of an oar of
which the other end is plus f;oa In the water.
At the depth of 20 feet and lose the sound
is a crepitation, similar to that produced
when salt is thrown on burning charcoal ;
at 50 feet it is like the ticking of a watch,
the ticking being more or leas rapid accord-
ing to whether the bottont Is entirely of Doral
or alternately of coral and mud, or of sand.
If the bottom is entirely of sand the sound
is clear ; if of mud it resembles the humming
of a swarm of bees. On dark nights the
fishermen select their fishery grounds ao•
carding to these Indications.
A contract for the completion within six
Weeks of all the bridges on the Red River
Valley railway was e'gned on Saturday by
the Manitoba Governwent.