Clinton News-Record, 1953-05-21, Page 6Ac>3l $oi*
CORONATION $l[lPP14EMENT
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Queen Mother's Stoical Conduct
Greatly Strengthened ' onarchy
Before the departure of the lst ' Battalion, the Black —
Watch, for active service in Korea, Queen Elizabeth the
Queen Mother inspected and addressed the Battalion at Crail
Camp, Fife. It was May, 1952, less than four months after
the loss of her husband, King George VI, but she had insisted
on bidding Godspeed to the famous Battlion of which she is
Colonel -in -Chief.
The men on parade saw the same gracious lady who had
come on three previous occasions when they had left to take
up arms in a distant land. Here was the same poise, the same
quiet, open smile, the same encouragement and interest in
the regiment; no hint of the almost intolerable strain she head
undergone, Here was the same charming lady who was able,
during the war, to visit Londoners with her husband to com-
fort them after the air raids, cool and unruffled after a .de-
liberate bombing of Buckingham Palace which had almost
cost their lives.
Ten days later the Queen Mother, with her daughter
Princess Margaret, made a four-hour flight in a de Havilland
Comet jet airliner, travelling a distance of 1,850 miles and
flying over France, Switzerland and Italy. Much of the flight
was at a height of 40,000 feet at a speed of 500 miles an hour.
. During the flight the Queen Mother took over the controls
as first pilot. •
Her Majesty the Queen Mother was born on August 4th,
1900. Her father was the late Earl of Strathmore, whodied
in 1944; Her mother, Cecilia, died just before the war at the,
age of 76. Most of Her Majesty's. early days were spent at.
Glamis.
Lady Elizabeth Bowes -Lyon, as a young woman, was
•
petite, full of vitality, and of quite extraordinary beauty ---a
very Scottish type of 'beauty with her bright blue eyes,
splendid complexion, jet black hair and easy, aristocratic
• carriage. A lively interest in everything about her and a
frank, friendly manner were the main features of her tem-
perament.
Vet Young Duke
She had met the man who was
to become her husband, when he
was a boy of six, at a children's
party. He was a frail boy, and
before he became Duke of York
his strength had been over -taxed
in the Navy and the Royal Air
Force. As a youth, he was shy,
kindly, religious and keen, but with
little appetite for public life. He
was afflicted with a defect of
speech which caused him embar-
rassment and frustration. He pro-
' posed three times before Lady
Bowes -Lyon was able to accept his
hand, but from the outset their
marriage, which took place at
Westminster Abbey on April 26,
1923, was supremely happy.
Given Royal Title
Their marriage was a precedent
insofar as she was not of royal
birth, though her family is, of
course, of very ancient lineage. In
fact she has royal blood in her
veins, dating back to the time when
Sir John Lyon of Glamis married
Princess Jean, daughter of King
Robert II, in 1377. At the wedding
breakfast King George V conferred
upon the Duchess of York the dig-
nity and title of Royal Highness.
The royal couple spent their
honeymoon at a beautiful country
House in Dorking, Surrey, which
once belonged to the playwright
'Sheridan. She was now a public
figure, and at 22 was still as sweet
and sedate as the villagers at
Glamis and St. Paul's Walden Bury
in Hertfordshire (a friendly home
where she had spent so much time
with her brothers and sisters) al-
ways remembered her.
War Blighted Happiness
By this time her life hadn't been
altogether care -free. The First
World War had blighted her happi-
ness by the death of her brother
Fergus, killed at Loos, and by the
sufferings of Michael, at first re-
ported killed but in fact a prisoner.
But in marriage she found a per-
fect outlet for her genius as a
mother and head of a family. The
birth of a daughter, Elizabeth, on
April 21, 1926, saw her radiantly
happy. •
0 Travelled Widely
Even as Duchess of York, how-
ever, and without there seeming
any chance that her husband would
ever be King, the round of public
duties was onerous enough. The
Duke and Duchess visited Kenya
Colony and Uganda in 1924, return-
ing via the Sudan and Egypt, and
a year later visited Ulster. In 1927
they sailed in H.1VI.S, Renown for a
tour of Australia and New Zea-
land. Two years later they visited
Scandinavia. In all their travels
they were noted as the ideally -
matched couple; and her smile,
that pleasant, genuine smile, be-
came world-famous,
Iter favorite pastime is readingg,.
the works of Sir Walter Scott, J,
M. Barrie and Jane Austen being
her main preference, She likes
flowers and dogs, She rode to
hounds occasionally but on the
whole was not over -fond of sport,
except, perhaps, angling.
The abdication andher husband's
accession to the throne meant nn-
mense responsibilities for her.
King George VI was not robust,
and his Consort's support, as he so
often remarked, meant a great deal
to him. With loving patience she
helped him to surmount his speech
defeet. The happy family life she
was able to provide and the keen
personal interest she showed in all
his duties, did much to sustain him,
especially through the war years.
Remained In London
That famous smile meant a lot
during the war: Bombed -out fami-
lies saw it when the Royal Couple
appeared, as if by magic, after a
heavy air-raid. Once in East Lon-
don another air-raid started when
they were out comforting the
homeless, and they were forced to
—British Travel Association gnoto
The Queen Mother
take shelter; the people remember
their calm behavior on that occa-
sion and admired greatly their de-
cision to stay in London during the
blitz, despite the all -too -real haz-
ards.
Those war years had been an
immense strain on the King, and
she knew it. She did her best in
the years to follow to spare him
physical fatigue, and throughout
his illnesses she never once be-
trayed the anxiety she must of
necessity have been feeling. But
the nation knew, as it knows now,
how much it owes to her patient
good humor and acceptance of
duty.
So now, although her daughter
is now Queen Elizabeth the Second,
and although the Queen Mother, in
terms of precedence, plays a sec-
ondary role, the Commonwealth's
affection for her is undiminished.
During her 29 years of marriage
she strengthened still further the
unifying influence of the British
monarchy. The assurance of our
new Queen, and the loyalty her
name invokes are the fruits of the
Queen Mother's example and ser-
vice.
The .historic Court of Claims
In the panelled offices of the Privy Council in Whitehall
meets one of the strangest courts in the -whole of the British
Commonwealth. Nine of the highest dignitaries in the land,
'appointed by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth to hear and
determine claims of services to be performed at the Corona-
tion, hold court.
The Court of Claims, as it is called, meets before every
Coronation to hear and decide appeals from the numberless
people who wish to perform some service in connection with
the Coronation,
The Lord Chancellor, Lord Simonds, presided over the
Court, and the other commissioners were Lord Woolton, Lord
President of the Council; the Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marshal
of England; Lord' Clarendon, the Lord Chamberlain; Lord
Jowitt, a former, Lord Chancellor; Lord Porter, Lord of
Appeal Ordinary; Lord Goddard, Lord Chief Justice of
England; Lord MacDermott, Lord Chief Justice of Northern
Ireland; Sir Raymond Everhed, Master of the Rolls.
The Court of Claims was constituted in 1877 because
Richard II, who had only recently come to the throne, was a
boy of ten, and the arrangements for his Coronation had to
be arranged by his uncle, John of Gaunt. To him came people
seeking permission to perform services at the ceremony.
These rights included acting as a constable, being King's
Champion (offering to fight any disloyal subject before the
commencement of the coronation banquet) and carrying the
canopy over the King during the service.
Dealt With Petitions
The Court pf Claims last year
made an early decision on the
procedure by which it would judge
claims. All were made by petition
sent to the Court. Those who made
claims did not have to appear in
person unless summoned; some
were represented by counsel, solici-
tors or agents, and if a previous
claim at the last Coronation was
admitted by the Court, and the
same person made it again on this
occasion, it was customary for the
claimant to mention that.
Restricts Claims
If no counter claim was made by,
somebody else,' a person granted
rights at the last Coronation, and
after proving to the Court that he
was in fact that person, was
allowed his claim without further
Puss.
Claims in the case of this Coro-
nation related to the ceremony in
Westininster Abbey only, Not Since
the crowning of George IV in 1821
have the banquet and state pro-
cession been features of the Coro-
nation. The great banquet, which
used to be held in Westminster
Hall, was discontinued through the
parsimony of William IV, who
even wanted to abolish the Coro-
nation ceremony itself!
This meant that the lord of the
manor of Liston was not able to
claim "to bring wafers for the
Queen to eat during the second
course," nor was the Lord of the
Isle of Man able to ask to "bring
two falcons."
' No Knight In Armor
Many regret that the banquet is
no longer held. It must have been
a stirring sight to see the greatest
dignitaries of the land celebrating
the Coronation in the vast hall in
the presence of the Sovereign. The
arrival of the King's. Champion,
actually riding into the hall in full
armor and on a white horse, fling-
ing down the . glove of defiance
must have been a stirring spectacle
—even if no man had the temerity
to accept the challenge.
A pity, too, that the Lord Mayor
of London was denied his historic
privilege "to serve in hotelry (i.e.,
look after the drink) and assist the
Chief Butler."
Many Seek lloitors
Between 1901 and 1902 before
the Coronation of Edward XVII, the
Court of Claims was particularly
hard -worked, and there were so
many contestants for privileges
that the Court proceeding's filled a
bulky voluine. But in both 1910 and
1936 the only claim to be actually
disputed related to the carrying of
the Great Spurs, emblems of the
King's knighthood. The muddle
arose from the fact -that the first
person recorded as carrying the
spurs was John Marshal, at the
Coronation of Richard I in 1180. He
•had the privilege by virtue of being
Master of the Horse, but .this right
reverted to the Crown and was re -
granted to various families.
As a result, 'many thought the
right was hereditary, instead of
official, and a multiplicity of
claims resulted. In 1936 three
elalms were made: one by five
petitioners who claimed the right
400 Choristers
Blend Voices For
Coronation Service
A choir of 400 voices will take
part in the Coronation Service In
Westminster Abbey. The choral
entemble will consist of the com-
plete choirs of Westminster Abbey,
i .M, Chapels Royal, St. Paula
Cathedral and St. George's Chapel,
Windsor, together with representa-
tives of a number of other choirs,
including some choristers from the
Commonwealth. The orchestra of
60 players will be drawn from the
leading English orchestras, and the
fan fares will be played by the
trumpeters of the Royal Military
School of Music (Kneller Hall),
The Director of Music for the
service is Dr. William MCKie,
organist of Westminster Abbey.
0
Queen Elizabeth.
Gave Approval To
Invitation Design
Design of the invitation card
sent to guests who attend the
Coronation ceremonies ih West-
minster Abbey were personally
approved by the Queen. Miss Joan
Hassall, R.E., well-known illustra-
tor and wood -engraver, designed
the card, and Mr. S. B. Stead, the
official Artist and Scribe of Hev
Majesty's Stationery Office, was
responsible for the lettering.
to appoint a deputy to carry out
the duty on their joint behalf; an
by two single claimants, Lord
Hastings and Lord Churston. The
last two were, eventually, granted
the privilege,
One ancient tradition will cer-
tainly be retained, though in modi-
Pied form, and that is the right of
the Barons of the Cinque Ports
(five famous ports which in the
long ago rendered service to the
Crown) to carry a canopy over the
Queen. Centuries* ago this fine
canopy, in cloth -of -gold or purple
silk and with a silver -gilt bell . on
each corner, and supported by four
silver -covered staves, was borne
aloft in the procession from West-
minster Hall to the Abbey, and
then inside the Abbey as far as the
dais where 'the Coronation took
place.
Barons, Lords Share' Honor
At the last Coronation the
Barons' claim was allowed, but
could only be enacted within the
Abbey, the procession being no
longer a feature of the ceremonies.
But as things turned out, canopies
were only held over the King and
Queen during the anointing, when
the Barons, - according to ancient
custom, should be waiting at the
foot of the dais. As a.eompromise
the King's canopy was held by
four Knights of the Garter and the
Queen's by four peeresses. As the
various standard bearers passed to
their places they handed their
staves to the Barons,
An 'Unusual Case
One curious precedent will be set
during this Coronation. Many
privileges are vested in the owner-
ship of land, because centuries ago
Kings granted tenures in return
for personal services rendered, But
in the course of time, land neces-
sarily changes hands. For instance,
the Duke of Newcastle, who is the
Lord of the Manor of Worksop,
Nottinghamshire, inherits the right
to present the glove for the
Queen's right hand at the Corona-
tion, But the Duke has merged the
manor into a limited liability com-
pany.
Sro for the first time in history a
commercial concern requested the
Court of Claims to grant it the
privilege, asking that the Duke of
Newcastle be permitted to act as
the company's deputy.
oY
Canadian Wrote Anthem
Among the music to be heard
in Westminster Abbey during the
Coronation service is an anthem,
specially composed for the event
by Dr. Healey Willan, distin-
guished Canadian composer,
o.
Riverbank Concerts
Orchestral and band concerts
will be held twice daily on the
South Bank of London's river
Thames during Coronation Week,