The Wingham Times, 1885-10-16, Page 3HOUSEH OLD.
Domestio Receipts.
COOKING EOR THE SIOK,
TEA MaxPuna. —With one well -beaten
egg, beat a teaspoonful or so of Huger, Stir
in a emelt glass of new milk and a cup of very
hot tea. S weeten to the taste.
GRAPE JUICE —squeeze two peunda of
Catawba grapes in a coarse oloth, after pick-
ing them from the atoms. Add throe table-
spoonfuls of loaf sugar, and when this is dis-
solved, add one cup of oold water. Surround
it with ion until very cold.
MurroN BROTit —Cut up a pound of lean
mutton into small pieces and add a quart of
cold water. Let it simmer for three hours,
skim and add a pinch of salt. Strain, cool
and remove the fat if there is any.
MILK PUDDING,—Take two tablespoonfuls
of clean rice or a ,go and soak in waren water
for two hours, then drain. Stir it in a pint
of milk, add a little sugar and bake or boil
for an hour.
LEMON JELLY.—Dissolve an ounce of isin-
glass in a pint of water, add a pound of loaf
sugar, and the juice and rind of two lemons,
Boil for ten minutes and strain it into a
mould.
EGG CREAM.—Beat the yolks o four Pgga,
three tablespooefula of sugar and the rind
(grated lightly) and juice of a small lemon,
or orange. Add a teaspoonful of powdered
sugar to the whites of the eggs and boat un-
til stiff. Place the beaten yolks in a vessel
in a pot of boiling water and nook gently,
stirring all the time. When it thickens, stir
in the whites until thoroughly mixed, then
cool. Serve in small glasses.
PANADA.—Ley in a bowl two Boston or
graham crackers split; sprinkle on a pinch of
salt, and Dover with boiling water. Set the
bowl in a saucepan of boiling water, and let
it stand thirty minutes, till the crackers look
clear. Slide into a hot saucer without break-
ing, and eat with cream and sugar. Serve al-
ways very hot.
CORN MEAL GRUEL.—Mix three table-
spoonfuls of corn meal with a little cold
water and stir it into a quart of boiling water
with a teaspoonful of salt. Boil one hear,
strain and serve.
APPLE WATER.—React two sour apples
and pour over them a quart of boiling water.
Cover and let it stand for half an hour. A
pint of washed dried apples may be used in-
stead of the roasted apples.
K itchen Hints.
To prevent flat -irons from scorching, wipe
them on a cloth wet with kerosene.
Mortar and paint may be removed from
window glass with hot, sharp vinegar.
Water weakens digestion and encourages
the absorption of fatty and saccharine mat-
ters.
To bake pies to a fine brown, dip a clean
white cloth in fresh cream, and brush light-
ly over the top crust before putting into the
oven.
E verybody r hould live on the sunny side
of their houses as much as possible, and allow
the sun's genial rays to penetrate the rooms.
Do not eat fruit skins or seeds. The skin
of an apple is as bad for your child as a bit
of your kid glove would:be ; that of a grape
more indigestible than sole leather.
For mildew stains, mix together soft soap,
laundry starch and half as much salt, and
the juice of a lemon. Apply to the mildewed
spots, and spread the garment on the grass.
To make linen beautifully white, prepare
the water for washing by putting into every
ten gallons of water a large handful of pow-
dered borax. Or, boil with the clothes one
teaspoonful o! spirits of turpentine.
To beautify the nails, hold them for fif-
teen minutes in warm water. Then, while
flexible, cut carefully. Polish them with a
piece of chamois skin dipped in a mixture of
oil and very finely powdered pumice stone.
Many forms of toothache may be prompt-
ly and pleasantly relieved by chewing cinna-
mon bark. And cotton, soaked in two parts
chloral, ten parts of oil of almonds and six-
teen parts of glycerine, often allays earache.
It is said, that by the following simple
method almost instant relief of earache is af-
forded ; Put five drops of chloroform on a
little cotton or wool in the bowl of a clay
pipe ; then blow the vapor through the stem
into the aching ear.
Bags of hot sand are much better than
bottles of hot water to place in the 'beds of
invalids who require artificial heat. The
,.sand retains heat longer than water, and
sand -hags are more comfortable "bed -fel-
lows" roan bottles.
At the French Academy of Medicine Dr.
Lombe has made a valuable communication
respecting the des`ructive effects of the per-
sistent use of morphia on the teeth. He has
noticed that the victims have not a sound
tooth left after a ?ear's addiction to this
ha brit.
fen grains of iodine dissolved in an ou,+ce
of turpentine forms a solution eminently
successful in the treatment of ringworm of
the scalp, after the parts have been thorough-
ly washed and cleaned. It is a painless ap-
plication, and may be employed at any age
and to any part,
There is said to be nothing better for a out
than powdered resin. Pound it until fine
i and put in an empty, Olean pepper box, with
perforated top, then it oan bo easily gifted on
the cut ; put a soft cloth around the injured
member and wet it with cold water once in a
while. It will prevent inflammation and
soreness.
In a fit the feet should be planed in warm
water with mustard added, and the legs
briskly rubbed, all bandages removed from
the neck and a pool apartment procured if
possible. In many cases of bleeding at the
lungs, when other remedies fail, Dr. Rush
found two teaspoonfuls of salt completely
stayed the blood.
To destroy ants : Drop some quicklime on
the mouth of their neat, and wash it in with
boiling water ; or dissolve somo camphor in
alcohol, then mix with water, and pour into
their haunts ; or tobacco water, which has
been proven satisfactory. They aro averse
to strong scents. Camphor will prevent
their infesting a cupboard, or a sponge satu-
rated with creosote, To prevent their climb-
ing up trees, place a ring of tar about the
trunk of the tree, or a circle of rag moisten.
ed occasionally with creosote,
A dish familiarly known as "popper pot,"
much sought for by th epicure, is made
thug : Boil six pounds of tripe for one hour,
then take it from the water in which it has
boiled and put it into freeh water with a
knuckle of veal. Let these boil for two
hours, then pat in some potatoes, onious,
carrots, a little parsley, somo celery salt or
stalks of oelery, and any other herb or vege-
table your taste demands ; plenty of salt is
ossential, and considerable black popper.
When the tripe is to .der, cut it into small
bits and put it back into the kettle. After
removing the vegetables make a nice gravy.
Dumplings may be served with this if you
please, The beat way to gook them is to
steam them and then drop them into the
boiling gravy just before serving. They are
certain to be thoroughly cooked and be light
if steamed for three-quarters of an hour.
THE LIME-KIt,N GLUE.
"De fust manna' installment of charity
circulars has arrove," said Brother Gardner
as Waydown Bebee ceased his mournful
cough and Pickles Smith and Whalebone
Howker ended their diaouasion on religion.
" Heals am a ieroular stela' dat werry large
number of pussons will need help die winter
an' axin' what sum of money die Lime•Kiln
Club will appropriate.
"It am de same ole ding•dong-bell which
has rung in de ears of de world since de
y'ar one. De poor hey bin wild us fur de
las' 6.000 yar-s, an' charity hez bin appeal-
ed` to ebery y'ar to help 'em, Am de poo',
as a class, any better off to day don dey war'
at de start ? De mo' we give de mo' we am
axed to give, untie it hez come down to de
pint dat de class who am willin' to work —
who practice economy—who l'arn how to
manage—who am determined to git ahead,
hey a perpetual clog fastened to 'ern in de
shape of de shif'Iess.
" Who am de shif'less man ? Let us ana-
lyze him: As a boy he finds it mo' pleasant
to fish, hunt an' loaf dan secure an' eddica-
shun or l'arn a trade. As a man dese habits
stink by him. He works as a last resort.
He sots up de claim dat de world owes him
a libin', an' he makes de world support him.
He am poo', unprincipled en' vicious. He
marries de same sort of blood an' perpetu-
ates it.
" De charity of a city like Detroit pours
$ [00,000 per v'ar into de lap of idlenees an'
crime. It offers a premium on loaferiem.
It prevents stern Necessity from drivin' men
an' boys to honest labor.
" Few men get ahead widout strict econ-
omy an' keerful management De rich doan'
support all dere saloons an' tobacco stores
an' cheap theaters. One an' all depend upon
de shlf'less poo' man. He the ws an' smokes
an' drinks beer and goes to de circus. He
frows away de money he should spend fur
wood an' clothes an' rent. Economy am a
word he h'aa only when winter comes an'
his job am gone. Dan he turns. about an'
appeals to de keerfnl, savin' an' industrious
man, who has denied himself all luxuries,
to whack up wid him. It am simply bl ick
mail on industry. It am au encouragement
to AAP,
"All dis I may hev told you befo', but I
toll it again dat you may not forgit it De
poo' man who kin prove to me dat he has la-
bored when work was to be had—dat his
shillings an' nickels hev gone fur food an'
clothing—dat he want airn instead of beg,
kin depend upon me fur $2 a week all winter.
Any odder puason who axes me in de name of
charity am a fraud who deserves a stone in
place of bread."
NOT ALWAYS.
Prof. Gumboil Smith arose to a question of
privilege, The other day a white man re.
ferred to him as a "coon" and "moke,"
and he had been severely censured by several
members of the club for not resenting the
insult. He would like a decision by the
President.
" My dear brudder," said the President as
he looked dotvn upon him, " if it does sartin
white men heaps of good to refer to cull'd
men a s'000ns' and 'mokes' I dunno why we
should kink, It dean' spite our complexun
nor make our ha'r kink any de wues."
" I can't agree wid de President," an-
nounoed the Rev. Penstock as he bobbed up.
" De white man who insults me had better
look out 1•'
"Brudder Penstock, sot down I Dar' were
coons an' mokes long 'Wuxi afore you war'
+ bo'n, an' some of 'em knowed fully as much
as you do 1 De man no matter what his col-
or, who gita his back up ebery time anybody
ahoots off hie mouth will lend up in de fool
asylum afore he dies. De cha'r sustains
Brudder Smith in preservin' a grin on his
face when celled a ' moke' and a . coon.' "
RECONSIDERED,
The Hon. Anxiety Smith desired to call
up the case of Jack Loney, LL. D., a 'bus
driver at Ann Arbor. Application for mem-
bership was made some six montes ago, but
the committee reported nnfevorably. Par-
ties in Ann Arbor had informed them that
Mr, Loney had purchased a liquid to straight.
en his hair, and intended to be of Indian de-
scent. The committee decided that a man
who would go back on his race would not
enj y himself in the Lime -Kiln Club. Bro-
ther Smith now desired to state that he had
run tae story to the ground, and that it was
a ba=e canard. Mr. Loney, far from want-
ing st'aight hair, was using aloes and alum
water to make it kink the closer. He was
a big-hearted, industrious, honest Ivan, and
it was hoped that the club would revise the
action of the oommittee. After considerable
discussion the applicant was made a mem-
ber under a suspension of the rules.
A NEW CLUB
The Secretary announced a communication
from Friday Alexander Webster, of Ypsil-
anti, Mich,, asking permiseion to organize a
branch club in that city. As charter mem-
hers ho named James Embers, the Zion. Ed.
Hiwaon, Judge Henry Gaines, Alexander
tho Great, Fatty Hawes, Edward Low and
Bob Butler. None of those parties have
lifted a pullet or carried off a watermelon
during the last fifteen years, and all are be-
lievers in Beecher's latest theory.
Tho matter was referred to the Committee
on Judiciary, with leave to visit Ypsilanti
on a freight train, if positively necessary,
and the meeting adjourned.
"Yours is a very dangerous occupation,"
said tho philanthropist to tho policeman,
"Officers are sometimes killed while in the
discharge of their duty," continued the phil-
anthropist. "Yaws," yawned the policeman,
"You're not afraid of death, then Y" "Cer-
tainly not ; our minister says death is only a
sleep, and I ain't afraid of sleep,"
YOUNG FOLKS.
The Little Dog's Lesson.
He was a very small dog, and a very rest-
less and unhappy dog, because he consider-
ed himself a dog of no account, Ho envied
the dog that was oovered with spots, and
ran all day under a great carriage, He envi-
ed the champion fighting dog of the town, be.
Douse no one dared to pink nim uo by an ear
or indulge in other familiarities unpleasant
to a dog. And ho was very jealous of the
dog that wandered the streets without a
home, became that dog did not have to sub-
mit to the indignity of a weekly bath.
One day when the unhappy little dog was
running across the lawn in one of hie most
sorrowful moods, thoroughly dissatisfied
with himself and the world generally, ho
espied a new.ornament on the grass.
1t was a large ball, apparently of quick-
silver, and had great refleoting power ; and
when the dog caw himself in it he was sim-
ple electrified with surprise, for the ball
magnified him into a dog of groat size and
dignity.
' I see," said the unhappy little dog, who
was now happy, "that 1 am a large dog af-
ter all, and that I have been kept in ignor-
ance of my size and strength that I might
not become dangerous. I suppose it is the
same with great animals. Tho elephant, in
a 1 probability, thinks he is no larger than a
pig, and that is what mak-es him ace gentle
and kind. The next time that oat scratches
me, I shall tell the mice to come out here
some moonlight night and look at themselves,
and they will discover that,they are as large
as sheep, no doubt, and that will be an end
of Mr. Cat."
Then the little dog viewed himself with
great pride and satisfaction. The silver
ball did not increase his height as much as
it did his breath ; but it made him appear
as high as a mastiff, and his muscles stood
out like saplings And when he opened his
mouth and saw what great teeth he had, he
remarked :
" I think it a great shame that I did not
know this before. Here I have been chased
and wantonly bitten by little insignificant
doge, simply because I thought myself weak
and harmless. But now that I know I am
great, I shall have a big, brave heart to cor-
respond. And I shall not deign to notice
the small pet dogs I used to play with, but
shall only associate with the large ones. I
suppose I ought tai go up the road now and
have my revenge out of that bulldog that
gave me such a thrashing the other day."
So he bustled away, like a small man who
has suddenly had greenness thrust upon him,
and as full of his own importance. A little
way up the road he met the bull -dog.
" How do you do ?" said the bulldog.
The other bowed haughtily.
" What't the matter with you? ' Reeked the
ball -dog ; " haven't you had any dicnei. ?'
"Yes, and a good big one, too," replied
the dog who had suddenly discovered hie
greatness.
"You seem to be rather out of sorts,"
said the bull -dog. " Perhaps your digestion
is not good."
" I think I could digest you in a few min-
utes, Jack," rep'ied the warlike.
" If you are going to treat me with haugh-
ty disdain," said the bull -dog, " you should
pall me by my last name, which is Stilton,
with the prefix of Mr."
Here the warlike dog held his paw over
his mouth to conceal the smile that played
on his features.
" What are you laughing at ?" demanded
the bull -dog.:.
" I was just laughing at your name, and
wondering if you are a member of the great
Stilton Cheese family—that was all."
" That was enough," said the bull -dog :
"in fact, a little too much. You should
have controlled your features until you got
off a little way. Don't you know it is not
polite to snicker right in a dog's face ?"
" I don't know whether it is or nett, and
don't care. I snicker whenever I please."
"Then you are ,no gentledog," said the
bull- dog, "and I think I'll teach you such
another wholesome lesson as I did when I
thrashed you the other day,"
" I was sick that day," relied the new -
made warrior; "I had, only an hour before
the fight, dined on lobster croquettes. But
I am well to -day,"
The details of a dog-fight are anything but
entertaining. Therefore it is but necessary
to state that the dog whose greatness exist-
ed only in a lawn reflector was taught a val-
uable lesson.
When he limped back home, all the other
little dogs met him in the yard, and laughed
until they had to hold their paws against
their sides. And even the old hens caught
the fit, and were obliged to put their heads
under their wings to conceal their mirth.
And then the crest -fallen dog went down
to look at himself again in the silver ball
on the lawn. He was just as large as ever,
but oh, how he was astonished at what he
saw ! He was covered with gashes, and
every gash seemed an inch wide, and every
mark of his opponent's teeth seemed as largo
as an auger hole; for the silver ball magnih.-
ed the wounds just as it did the dog.
" Gracious 1" said the vanquished champ-
ion, " that dog must be twice as large as he
seems to be, and I am free to confess that I
am about the saddest and wisest, if not the
sorest, dog in this community. I shall fight
no more, and I shall never again allow my.
self tc be deceived into the belief that I am
greater than any other dog."
Grandmother.
aY L. A. D. c11AHa3RLIN.
I have a sunny corner in my home,
One corner where the shadows never come
For when the glowing sun outside has set
Gfandmother's sunshine lights the corner up.
Iter features have the radiance of love ;
Hor voice the peaceful cadence of the dove ;
Her silver hair a Drown of glory shines,
Her winning way aro and all hearts entwines.
The very wrinkles on her placid face
Seem but to add a beautifying grace,
And to onohanei her beauty as forsooth
DJ dimples on the fair, plump chock of youth.
The children know grandin ther'a corner well,
And run to her their troubles all to toll.
They're sure to find their clouds all scattered
quite,
And hearts filled up again with sunshine bright.
No clouds e'er dim grandmther's corner bright,
For ehe tas learned full wail the source of light,
She draws In oherrfut patience her supply,
And seattere it to evory passer-by.
D=ar Grandmother I would evoryhome and heart
Had such a blessing in it as thou art.
Long bo thy lite, and lighter still thy days,
Until upon thee shall beam Heaven's perfect rays
HERE AND THERE,
A Madrid engineer is at work on a pro -
j sot for tunnelling from the mainland under
Gibraltar and dynamiting the English garr:
son out of Sp in.
In a household in Buncombe county, N.
C., a large dish of peanuts has been placed
on the dinner table for deaaert evory day in
the year since the lady of the house took a
fancy to fruit thirty years back.
The deaths in Europe from small -pox are
said to be 60,000 annually. The mortality
is almost wholly confined to oivilians, aa
owing to oonatent vaccination and revaccin-
ation the armies are almost wholly free from.
the disease.
According to the Lancet, the recent visit
to America of Dr, Keith, who came to per-
form a surgical operation, is the first
instance since the Declaration of Independ-
ance of an American having summoned med-
ical aid from the old country.
It is said that the king of Siam has 3,000
wives, and very few members of the male
sex are allowed to enter the sacred precincts
where they are housed. The king seems to
have less confidence in his wives than does
the average husband of an opera singer.
A cheese dealer states that much of the
so-called English oheese ie made in this
country and shipped to England, whence it
is returind, enhanced in value by the sea
voyage. Sometimes cheeses aro shipped back-
ward and forward two or three times, each
voyage adding to the richness of their flavor.
The Practical Photographer eugg eats
that in these days of convenient photograph-
ing appliances, those who visit in any official
capacity scenes of murder, wreck, or riot
should apply the camera before anything is
disturbed, aa the evidence thus gained, be-
ing incontrovertible, might poaeeaeincalcul-
able value.^' Yy+ 1e'�
After a severe illness an Eng-iehman
shaved off his whiskers and otherwis,tee dis-
guised himself. He then went to his doctor
and said he was a brother of the sick man,
' who, he asserted, was now dead. He thus
obtained a certificate of his own death, had
his o wn decease registered, drew the burial
money from his lodge, and decamped.
Prize fighters evidently have not yet
learned the most effectual methods of reduc-
ing their weight. The British Medical
Journal tells of a fat pig which was buried
under the chalk cliffs of Dover for 160 days,
It weighed 160 pounds when immured, and
when dug out turned the scale at 40 pounds.
It thus lost 120 pounds in 160 days, and
came out a very clean pig,
Frau Rueto, the wife of a Hamburg mer-
chant and sister of Sultan Said Burgash, of
Zanzibar, who for more than twenty years
has been a resident of Germany, lately pro-
ceeded with her childrento the native country
on board the German man-of-war Ehrenfels,
in order to reclaim the property wrongfully
witheld from her by the Sultan. It is said
that Admiral Knorr has been empowered to
enforce her claim.
There is a patient in a Scotch infirmary
suffering from a painful disease in which
every pereon who uses a cane is interested.
It is a sore of the hand, brought on by pres-
sure of a round -knobbed stick against the
palm ; and in this cane it has effected the
muac'es from the fingers to above the wrist.
A speedy care is not probable. The surge-
ons say that a stick with a handle instead of
a knob on which the palm must press is the
thing to carry.
A Frenchman claims to have discovered a
method of preserving the body of the dead
by a process of electro -plating, whereby
statues of prominent p ople, "true to life,"
can be secured at comparatively small cost.
Just think how pretty a room would look
with the dear departed all standing about in
full nickle, silver and gold. Unimporantre-
latives, mother -in-laws and such, could be
done in copper -plate, which is comparative-
ly inexpensive.
When in Norway Mr. Gladstone was
much interested in the licensing system in
vogue at Bergen, and requested the British
vice-consul there to send him an account of
its working. The public -houses of that
town belong to a company, which, after
deducting a percentage for the use of its
capital, hands over the surplus profits to the
municipality in aid of Local improvements.
A more easy way of paying for the latter
could scarcely ke devised.
Dr. Livingston, in the Zambesi, describes
one of the most remarkable operations on re-
cord. A native woman had an arrow -head
eight inches long in her back, slanting
through the left lung towards the heart.
She had been shot from behind while stoop-
ing, Air was coming out through the
wound, and it was not deemed advisable to
attempt as operation One of her relatives,
however, cut out the arrow and part of the
lung, and she not only became well, but
stout.
Field Marehal Moltke, who spends his
vacation at his country -sent, Creisau, de-
votes his time there to agriculture. He
takes especial pride in his magnificent park,
whose beauties he is fond of pointing out to
visitors. He walks regulary every day to
the Kapellonberg, a neighboring hill, where
his wife and sister are buried, and where he
too is to find his last resting place. A mar-
ble slab already marks the spot. The burial
plot is surrounded by trees planted by him-
self.
There is now at Millwall, on the Thames,
England, a small yacht, which will be pro.
pelled by electrical power. The boat is 36
feet in length by 7 feet in breadth, It is
constructed of galvanized steel, lined inside
with wood and lead. The accumulators are
placed below tho floor of the boat, so that,
with the exception of a smell compartment
aft for the dynamos, the whole of the space
is available for passengers. Two masts and
a suit of sails are also fitted for use when re-
quired. In the course of a few days is is in-
tended to take the yacht on a trial from
Dover to Calais.
After a visit to some of the Alaska
gtaeciers, Mr, Thomas Meehan states that
beneath the Muir glacier, said to be four
hundred miles long, flows a rapid torrent,
which he estimates to be one hundred feet
wide and four feet in average depth, and
which runs summer and winter without in-
terruption. At its termination the glacier
hangs over the sea and gives off icebergs.
Mr. Meehan remarks that the groat ice
sheets htvo their lakes, rapids, waterfalls,
hills, valleys; that their waterways change
their courses at times through the melting,
and thatmelting proceeds freely in the sun's
ray, but not in the shade,
AERIAL NAVIGATION.
Suceessful Experiments in Aerostattoa near
?aril.
The new-born science of balloon naviga-
tion has advanced another step, There is
no' longer room to doubt that, given o'rtain
favorable atmospheric conditions, balloens
may be guided for a time as easily as bicycles,
Krebs and Renard, the Tiesandier brothers,
and the late Frederick Gower had all ob-
tained partial success in steering their air
ships ; while a M, Claret de la hive, hailing
front Burgundy, has just completed an aero-
stat which he claims will be Infinitely more
manageable and praotioabte than any yet in-
vented. For two days 'recently thousands
of people congregated on the balks of the
Seine at Manion to watch the fresh trial
trips made by Captain Renard and his
brother from the camp of Chalets.
MASTER OF THE AIB.
On the afternoon of each day their balloon
rose suddenly in mid air, and, after remain-
ing motionless for a short time, sailed off
successively toward the east, west, north,
and south, and finally took its course stead-
ily toward the Point du Jour, about three
miles from the starting point. Here the
balloon, descending slightly, paused again ;
then, unresistingly obeying its steersman, it
nailed back to the camp or Chalais, where it
descended. The War Office authorities, who
watched the trials, seemed satisfied that the
problem had been solved ; but experts tell
me that the cost of working Captain Den-
ard's balloon is still prohibitive, while even
at the enormous cost it cannot be controlled
for a long iaterval o£ time.
BALLOOS gTEERING,
The most recent feat in mrial navagation
was performed in France on November 8,
1884, when Captains Renard and Krebs made
a belloonvoyage from Meudon to Bellancourt,
and returned, alighting at the point from
which they started in forty-five minutes.
The aeronauts made a complete success in
steering the balloon. This was the third
attempt made by Captain Renard with his
balloon steering apparatus. His second ex-
periment was far from being satisfactory.
He ascended at Maiden on September 13,
expecting to go to the Champs Elysses, and
was able for some seconds to sail against a
strong breeze, but his attempt to rise or to
return to his starting point was a failure,
the propeller ceased to revolve after ten
minutes, and he descended at Versailles.
His first at empt was in August, 1884, when
Captain Renard started from Meudon, and
althoughthe balloon moved against the wind
it easily followed the course along which it
was steered. It waa taen veered around
and brought back to the point from which
it started. The success of this feat created
the greatest interest tin all the military cir-
cles of Europe, and M. Herve Manion
brought the matter to the attention of the
French Academy of Sciences. Captain Ren-
ard's balloon was cigar shaped, and pointed
at each extremity—not simply underneath,
as is usually the case In the oar were seats
for two aeronauts, and the balloon had a di-
recting apparatus and a rudder. The force
was obtained by a series of electric accumu-
lators of ten horse power, and the balloon
was operative for four hours.
BRISSON'S FAILURE,
On October 29th, 1883, an experiment took
place at the Place de la Defense, Courbevoie,
Paris, which comprised a sensational balloon
ascent and the use of a new contrivance for
serial navagation invented by M. Brisson.
The apparatus was lozengeshaped, and could
be compared to the upper deck of one of the
small passenger; steamers which areas from
Dover to Calais. It was a sort of a platform,
safely surrounded by iron railings, one of
which at the height of two yards served as a
support for another platform, on which nine
parachutes, in the shape of a cup, about 45
inches high, were placed side by side. These
cupolas were supposed to reserve under their
airtight domes a certain quantity of air con-
sidered to be less dense than the interior
layer of air. The apparatus in its de cent
was expected to displace a volume of air
equal t its proper weight, and consequently
to find its support upon a layer of air more
dense than that stored under the cupolas.
At about 5 p. m. the balloon etirted, with
M. Briaaon's apparatus attached to it, with
a sudden rush, and disappeared in less than
two minutes in a thick fog. The next day
one of the aeronauts reported that after
leaving Courbavoie hie party plunged into a
thick fog, but at an altitude of 300 „yards
the sky was fine and bright, and the setting
sun gave a brilliant light. A sudden expan-
sion of the gas made them ascend 1,600
metres without having to throw out any bal-
last. Having reached that altitude a strong
pull was given to the safety valve, and al-
most immediately the balloon descended
with a certain rapidity which one of the
aeronauts attempted to control in order to
see whether M. Brlsaon's apparatus would
offer any resistance, or, in other words, re-
main in the air by itself, The cable to which
the apparatus was fixed did not even band,
and consequently the result of the experi-
ment was entirely unsatisfactory. At about
six hundred metres' altitude the aeronaut
had to regulate the descent by throwing out
ballast, as he was afraid to make the land
too swiftly. Fatally a successful landing was
made at Maladrerie of Poissy.
GRIMLEY S ATTEMPT,
In Juno, 1870, Professor Grimley started
on a balloon voyage from Montreal for New
York in the airship Canada, but he had a
fearful experience, and came near losing his
life. After ascending for the first few hun-
dred feet it was found that the trip could not
be made on account of the poor qu ility of
the gas used. Tae wheels for steering and
the rudder of the aerial car worked splendid-
ly, and although the balloon had drifted
away from the point of starting a few turns
of tho crank brought it to tate same spot
again. The aeronaut started at eighteen
minutes to eight p. m., and landed in aafety
at ten p. m, in the village of St Jules, forty-
five miles disfMo,
THE tant BALLOONrom ntreal
FALLACY.
In September, 1878, Professor C. R,
Bitohell's air ship was sent up at Hartford,
Conn, It consisted of a balloon above and
a revolving vertical screw, worked by hand
power, beneath for lifting purposes, and a
horizontal screw for steering. It illustrated
the balloon fallacy to a nicety, What it
gained from the balloon in buoyancy it lost
in the largo surface exposed to the wind.
The balloon was rondo to balanoo exactly at
the earth's surface the weight to be carried.
In a four mile breeze it could be steered, but
at a little increase above that force it was
drifted miles to leeward,