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./UI.,Y is, '1981 11, 0- FORAGE supK.OmEtit,'JF)Vt tk
Tom Melady can put hay in sooner
Sampling forages as they
come • off the field ensures
farmers of accurate nutrient
analysis.
"It is very important for
dairy farmers to get a good
handle on the nutrient cont-
ent of their forages. particul-
arly protein content and the
minor elements such as cal-
Sheep grazing on forage
h' -11 in phosphate content
, 'stone more and digest
' r her proportion, say scion
lists Peter G. Ozanne and
D.B. Purser.
"Phosphate does maw.•
than increase yield. cncour
age legumes to flourish. ant'
supply minerals for the grai
ing stock," the researchers
front Australia's Institute of
Earth Resources explain.
"Ft...d grown with more
phosphorus may make 'ani-
mals cat more and digest it
better. resulting in better
prodUctioo.•"
Feed pellet supplements
containing phosphorous were
not nearly as effet tive as
irest consumption of the
I recen. v receiNvd a report
on the 19 0 farm fatalities in
Ontario and I would iiiNe to
describe \ bree• ,aces that
caught my eye.
(1) Victim 1:kee 3) climbed MI
a gate to get a better view ()I
father hooking op Jiackhoc
unit. Gate collapsed. crush
ing victim between gate and
support arm lathe backhoe.
121 Victim (age*2) was on a
tractor with his brother.
Driver swerved to avoid hit-
ting a dog and victim fell off
and was run over by right
rear wheel of the tractor.
t3) Vict'm (age 3) was walk-
ing across the lot when situ -
stepped on an old abandoned
well covered with cedar
boards. The boards collapsed
and she fell into the well and
drowned.
These are actual cases as
reported to the Ontario Farm
Safety Association last year.
1 guess that this hits home
because I have two daught•
ers about the same ages as
those described above and
suppose we've been lucky
that nothing more serious
than a few scratches and
bruises have ever happened
to them.
How many times have we
been w rapped up in our work
that we have forgotten about
our "little people'? How
cium and phosphorus, ' lk says
Steve! Dolson, co-ordinator
of the Ontario Ministry of
Agriculture and Food feed
advisory service.
"Getting a representative
sample is the• key to obtain-
ing accurate feed analysis. If
you wait until the end of the
silo tilling procedure. you
ing a plateau and leveling...
off, the sheep continued to
increase their growth in dir-
ect proportion to phosphdrus
content. It seems, say Mr.
Ozanne and Mr. Purser, that
increasing the phosphorus
supply increases feed quality
in more ways than just giving
a higher. nutrient content....
In a related nine Val-
study., Dr. J. Knipfel of the
Agriculture Canada research
station in •Swift ( 'urrent.
Saskatchewan focnd. "Sup-
plementation with phosphate,
returned $3 for every SI
invested."
First service conception
rates of beef cows in the
western U.S. increased from
59 per cent .to 89.• per: cent .
when phosphate was applied
in more ..hundant quantities.
When dietary phosphorus
levels were increased from .2
per cent ti, ,29,per cent, adds
Knipfel. milk production ruse
Cover photo, of
,1
'haying on the
George Powell
farm
R. R. Auburn,
by Rhea
Hamilton
may-or may not get a sample
that is representative of the
field."
Keep a plastic garbage
bag on hand when unloading
the haylage. For every three
or four wagon loads. put a
handul of hay into the plastic
bag. then tie the bag to
prevent • the material from
drying out. At the end of the
Phosphate deficiencies in
grazed forages have been
prevalent for most of this
century, Knipfel points out.
and scientists have observed
rapid declines in the P con-
tent of all grass species, as
they mature. At no time.
during the' course of one
...studiditi any of the grasses
meet suggested P require-
ments for optimum produc-
tion of lactating cows.
Marked increases in P con-
tent have been observed by
researchers when phosphor-
us fertilizer. is applied. •
Dr. Knipfel reports that in
western Canada 60 to 70 per
Cent of cows are producing
calves and many producers
are routinely weaning 80 to
90 per cent calf crops. Suc-
cessful producers, he :tress-
es, practice sonic form of
phosphate suppleMentation
almost without exception. "It
would appear. therefore. that
cause I don't want to read
about your child in the 1981
Farm Fatalities Report next
year, .....
.Len MacGregor.
Extension Assistant.
day. take a sample from the
bag. put it in a smaller bag
and store it in the freezer,
Continue the sampling
procedure until alithe haying
is complete. When you have
all the hay in. mix alt'of the
daily samples together and
take one sample for analysis.
Sampling kits are available
from local agricultural offices.
The ministry's feed advi-
sory service offers three
types of feed analysis to help
farmers formulate balanced
dairy rations. Type one, for
$I, is a basic tewmeasuring
dry matter and crude pro-
tien. Type two includes the
basic test and provides great-
er detail. the amount of
calcium. magnesium. potas-
sium and phosphorus, for a
cost of $13. Type three
combines type• one- and type
two analyses with tests for
trace elements - manganese,
copper and zinc, at a cost of
$16. Producers can have
forages tested for digestible
protein for an' additional $8
with any of the three types of
analysis.
"Since minerals are im-
portant in dairy cattle nutrit-
ion, we recommend type two
or type three tests." says
Mr. Dolson. "Type three is
useful when there is a health
problem in the herd, and we
aren't sure whether or not it
is feed oriented."
'TeSts results are returned
to the farmer after two to
three Weeks. A copy of• the
analysis is also sent to the
local agricultural represent-
ative so farmers can contact
the local office if there are
any questions.
Mr. Dolson recommends
that farmers sample first.
second and'possibly third cuts
of hay. Protein and other
nutrients may differ greatly
because there are fewer
grasses after the first cut.
BY DEBBIE RANNEY
The first question one is
tempted to ask when talking
about the fan Tom Malady of
R.R. 2, Dublin uses to, dry his
hay in the barn is if it's such
a good system why doesn't
every farmer own one?
Indeed, that's the question
Tom asked when he took a
tour with Dennis Martin of
the Clinton Agricultural of-
fice and four or five other
farmers down to the Wood.
stock area and. there dOesn't
seem to be a definitive
answer.
'The system consists of a
fan with a tunnel out from it
and along the floor levels of
the barn trapdoors open to
allow the air to go through
the piled bales of hay.
Tom first started looking at
the system a year ago when
the four farms they toured
had them. The first farm had
it installed in 1952 and had.,
been using it every year
since then.
Usually people dry their
cut hay out in the field and
then put it in the barn.
"We cut the hay, get it as
dry as possible in the field,
try not to get any rain on it.
then take it into the barn and
complete the process in
there," Tom says.
"You actually get more
drying from the wind than
you do from the sun. All the
drying in the barn consists of
is a big fan forcing air
through the hay--taking the
s
outside air that is normally
being blown through it in the
field after it's been baled up.
One advantage Of the sy-
stem is its fle,xibility. For one
thing you can start earlier in
the day. Every day this year
Tom started at 12 o'clock. On
One really overcast day he
-put in 1800 bales and he
knows of one other person
who had cut hay the same
day. Tom put his hay in on
Thursday. Friday and Satur-
day and the other farmer
said his wasn't fit to go in
any of those days.' -
Another big advantage is
the quality. Tom wants as
high a quality as possible for
his dairy cows and so has to
be haying the first two weeks
of June.
not as much heat.
Of course as with every
system, there are also dis-
advantages such as the
weight. Since you're putting
hay in tougher you're carry-'
ing extraa weight--the weight
of the moisture therefore.
Meladys made the bales
smaller.
The barn..must 'be full of
hay to last right throueh the
yea.- and the new system has
cut down on Tom's storage
space by 400 or SOD bales so
he said it might be better if
vou were designing the sys-
tem for a new barn.
Barn fires are a common
calamity in the summer, but
with this., system the hay
doesn't heat at all since the
drier is paSsing the air
through.
It also doesn't cause car-
melization which means that
if the hay goes over a certain
temperVi crthen the pro-
tein is i a form not available
to animals. . This way. a
greater percentage of the
protein should be available to
the animal.
Since Toni installed the
system in an old barn he had
.to work 'with some repair
costs. He had the whole
thing done by a contractor
and the actual labour bill
was about $1400. The fan
that puts out the air was
about $850, _materials were
around $1800' and he pre-
sumed that the electrical bill
would be between $200 and
$350 so- that the whole sys-
tem costs between $4200-
-34400. But to him the cost is
worth it.
" INCREASED PRODUCTION
"I'm almost sure we'll
haVe increased production
from feeding higher quality
feed," he said.
Tom's feeding. system is
based on corn' silage and dry
hay. The corn silage is put in
by a custom operator. Tom-
has a small investment in
bale handling ,equipniert
which depreciates very slow -
ly. The biggest price ,if
equipment he has is a baler.
In. the traditional method
of haying. "you get into'
forage system Where' you
want to put up high quality
feed. You almost 'have to
have' your own harvesting
system which involves large
expenditures on such things
as ' forage harvesters and,
forage wagons." Toni said.
So far Toni seems pleased
with his investment and this
year •ill probably be taking
in ab t 7.000 bales •off 40
acres.
Huron' farm news
many times have we taken
them for granted and think
,that they should know how to
be careful? .
With todays modern mach-
inery and technology. in farm-
Mg. there is more opportun-
ity to have an accident. We
might think that we are
safety conscious, but we
aren't. because we take
chances and risks thinking
that this will never happen to
us. Our children like to copy
the things that nianimy and
daddy do and thereby take
the same chances that we do.
Educate sour children to he
farm sato conscious, he ,
Highs phosphate
helps digestior
n !tient through fertilized
pa• .urage. the t, son, say
the )ctenti•t• m, he • 'hat
th,' ' rtilt rate 11,,,
ti Ct :'lo:Osc and
ro plants
and • 'ded the aiiinials to I I per ectit, In addition. by a major increase in ruminant
s gher non ton , douTiling the II-content tif the production is possible
In 1..t. cat c wient. the
amount +,1 phospitate needed
ft r ma:citrunti production was
d and applied . to the
pas- Are. Rather than reach
'diet from the National Re- through the use of phosphate
search Council INRC) stan - supplementation:" he cop-
dard, the period between eludes.
breeding was reduced from' Written by:
59 to 47 days. Mery Erb
Agrico, Brucefteld
Let's avoid young victims
(t/
r)s-
FZIrtN,
.4
SHOWING THE NEW SYSTEM — Tom Melady (right) and his helper:for
the sumft—ieF3',111-ki-WellY, sit on bales on top of a slatted floor to show how
Tom's system for drying hay works. There is a tunnel leading out from a
large fan. At the floor level of the tunnel there are trap doors that open to
allow-the air to go through the slatted Habra. up through the hay.
(Photo by Ranney)
NOT ENOUGH SUN
Usually there's not enough
sun at that time of the year
41a, but with his new system,
,141. Tom has the drying power he
needs. with the early hay in
June he gets i nice type of
fine stuff. Being able to hay
in the first two weeks of June
lends itself better to getting
three cuts off. Tom said he
should hopefully be able to
get another cut in the middle
of July and then another in,
the last week of August.
There again 'he said you're
getting into shorter days and
1