Lucknow Sentinel, 1890-11-28, Page 3A ,LIEN 8OR A LI814.
Eight hundred .years ago, William the
Conqueror abolished the death penalty in;
England. He was a warrior, aocuetomed
to see blood shed, but he hada horror of legal;
t ssantiona,-end only -one man wad hanged
in ngland during his reign. Before hie,
dine mrd ►ince; in England and in many,
ether countries, the legal machinery
for depriving oriminale of life hfte been:
barbarous, and capital punishment hae
often been inflicted for what are now
regarded as very petty offenoee. taco,
the Atheniere .preeeribed hae pita- Mont-
of death fora large number of offences,
itniZ then,
r
� V, ail
!fel .. �
that the em lied of the primes speailied
deserved de th, and there was no greater
penalty whish he conld inflict for more
serious offenses. t70er the Hebrew node,
deeeoration of the Sabbath, • blasphemy,
idolatry, witchcraft, (parsing, disobedience
to parents, murder, adultery, inoeet and
7ndnapping were .punishable with death.
Montesquieu says that under the old
Boman • law the penalty of death was
nostrils slit up and seared, forfeiture of
land and perpe;uel imprisonment. Thomas
Maynard was the last person executed for
forgery, Deo. 31, 1829. In 1777 Rev. Dr.
Dodd was . hanged at Tyburn for
forging e bond for £4,200 in
the name of Lord Chesterfield,
John Hatfield, who married, by means
of the., most odious deceit, the celebrated
" Beauty of Buttermere," wail hanged for
forgery at Carliete in 1803. Captain Charles
Montgomery was ordered' for ereoution for
forgery in 1828, but he took a dose of
prussic acid and was fpund dead in his
1self. 'Edward Lowe, hanged for coining in
1827, was the last coiner drawn on a eledg
TONGUE OUT OUT.
-_-..e
A Most R m>lvi'kab1e Operation._ n Surgery
auooessfui.
Through au Incision Dnder His Jaw a
Septuagenarian Hae els Tongue Taken
Out --One Hundred Arteries and Veins
Cut.'
Burgeons 'lin New York are marveling
over the • seemingly suooesaful but very
intricate and difficult operation performed
at Roosevelt Boapitai recently. Tie case
tongue, the
r o!
th
eand
00
was' one 0
f can
�..'.��.;v'` Lai"�"�'•:J's�T.�;:_u�-,...P�,..an.,T:'hsent,;�.:'�7.�.''w-o��..�.,.n`�'�i_:,. "'"•'W, 4, "'�."'4^ T-" `�fy �L•:�'.�" ra'��. n�;;.�: ..t�,�. �v
Hanging, with the accompaniment of
drawing and quartering, was first inflicted
upon a pirate, William Marise, a noble-
man's son, in 1241. Five gentlemen at.
teethed to the Duke of Glonoeater were
arraigned and condemned for treason, and
at the place of execution were hanged, out
down alive instantly, stripped naked, and
their bodies marked for quartering,
and then .ardoned. This was in
The Anglo -$axone and other German
nations ,had ee sash of time for livery
crime. Besides paying the relations of
the decease ¢, a murderer was also obliged
oompeneation to the master
w�eed was a slave, or to the lord
if the decealted was a vassal under his pro-
tection. At the time Blackstone wrote,
there were in English law 160 different
offenoee which had been declared felonies,
without benefit of olergy, end mighr be
visited with the death penalty ; but greids-
ally the fearful list has been reduced to the
crimes of treason and murder, By the
laws of the United Stated the crimes
punishable with death are treason, murder,
arson, rape, piracy, robbery of the mail
with jeopardy to the life of the person in
charge thereof, rescue of a pereon convioted
of a capital crime when going to exeoution,
burning a vessel of war, and corruptly
oasting away or destroying a reasol belong•
Lug to private owners. Some States have
abolished capital punishment altogether:'
In 1863 _ thirty-seven Indians who had
taken neet in the Minnesota massagre were
hanger one eoaffold, the nearest ap-
lproaoh on this continent to Judge Jeffreys'
" bloody circuit " after the Monmouth
rebellion.
In former days the endeavor was to make
the death of a criminal as painful as pos..
Bible. The mode of execution oommon
among the Syrians, Egyptians, Persians,
Carthaginians, Greeks and Romans was,
crucifixion; it was usually accompanied by
other tortures. 8.riaratbes of Capp+dosis,
aged 80, when vanquished by Perdiocas,
was dieoovered among the prisoners, uiiTr
by the conqueror's orders was flayed alive
and nailed to a °rose, with :his principal,
officers, 322 B. C. Cruoifixion was ordered
to be disoontintied by Constantin?, A. D.
330. Beheading, .the decollatio cf the
Romans, was introduced into England
from Normandy. It eseame fee•
gnent, particularly in the reigns of
Henry VIII and Mary, when even
'-'-wotnemof-theenoblesteblood ethnerpsri shed.
Among other instances may be'mentioned
Lady Jane Grey, beheaded February 12th,
1554, and the venerable Conntess of Salis-
bury -'-the latter remarkable for her re•
eietanoe of the executioner. When he
directed her to lay her head on the block,
she refused to do it, telling hien that she
knew of no gnilt, and would not submit
to die like a criminal. He pursued her
round• and round the , eoaffeld, aiming at
her hoary head, and at length took it off,
after mangling the neck and ehonlders of
the illustrious victim in a horrifying man-
ner., She was daughter of George, Dake of
Clarence, and Iasi of the royal line of
Plantagenet.
Boiling to death was made a capital
punishment in England by a statute of
Henry VIII. in 1531. The punishment
wits first applied to John Reese, a cook,
who had poisoned 17 persons. Margaret
Davie, a young woman. ' suffered in the
same manner for a similar.. orime in 1542.
„Breaking on the wheel was a barbarous
mode of death, of great antiquity, ordered
by Franoid I. of France, for robbers.
Raveillac, who murdered Henry IV. of
France, in 1610, was carried to the Greve,
and tied to a rack, a wooden engine in the
ehape.of St Andrew's arose. His right
hand, within whish was fastened the knife
with which ho did the murder. was first
burned at a , slow fire. Then the
fleshy and most delicate • parts of
bis body were torn with red-hot
pincers, and into the gaping wounds melted
' lead, oil, pitch and rosin were poured.
Hie body wea,so robust that he endured
this exgnieite pain, and his strength re-
sistedhat of the four horses by whish his
lambs e to bo pulled to pieces. The
executioner; in oonsegaenoe, out him into
quarters, and the' epeotators dragged him
through the streets:,
Burning alive was inflicted among the
Rowena,Jews and other nations', on the
betrayers of counsels, incendiaries and for
incest. The Britons punished heinous
crimes by burning alive in wicker baskets.
Burning was countenanced by -bulla of the
Pope, and witches Suffered in this manner.
Barrington estimates the jadiciel mur-
ders for witohoraft in England in 200
years at 30,000. Joan of Aro was
burned as a witch in 1431. About
500 witohee were burned at Geneva in
three menthe, 1515.. Ono thousand were
burned in the diocese of Como, in a year,
152AiMore�than 100,000 were burned in
G-erml�rty. At Salem, in New England, 19
person were hanged by the Parham for
witchcraft, and 55 were tortured. Tho
English Tawe against witchcraft were
'enacted raider Henry VIII., Elizabeth
and James I., and repealed in 1736 under
George II. Many persona have been
,- burned alive on account of religions princi-
ples. The first sufferer in England was
Sir William Sawtre, burned in 1401. In
the reign of Mary;>BisfiopsRidley; Leq►timer
and Cranmer were burned. As late hs the
time of James L, in 1612, Englishmen were
burned to death for heresy. Drowning in a
quagmire was a mode of capital punishment
among the Br"itona about 450 B. C. The same
form of punishment is said to have been
inflicted on eighty intraotablo bishops near
Nioomedia, A. D. 370 ; and to have been
adopted in Francs by Louis XL The
wholesale droteninge of the Royalists in
the. Loire at Nantes, by command o! the
brutal Carrier, in 17113, wore termed
noyedea. Forgery wee first punished by
death in 1634. By'tho stetnte of Elizabeth
the punishment for forgery was fiefs, stand-
ing in the pillory; haviite both ears out cif,
to make
if the deco
H;
who wail tried for high treason and
found guilty -in 1702, was sentenced to be
hanged, drawn and quartered. The
sentence, however, was not carried into
execution. The last execution in this
manner in England was that of the Cato
street.ebnsptratore in 1820. Hanging in
ebeine wee abolished in 1834.
The Romans punished a parricide,
named Oeti1B, 172 B. C„ by eoourging ;
then sewed' him up in a leathern
sack male,air tight, with a live dog,a nook,
a viper and an ape, and then oast him into
Abe tee. The guillotine was invented about
1785 by Joseph Ignatius Gaillotin,
an eminent physician and senator,
esteemed for his humanity; it was de.
signed to render capital punishment less
painful by decapitation-. During the
French Revolution ho ran some hazard of
being subjected to its deadly opera-
tion, but (contrary to a prevailing
opinion) escaped, and lived to be one of the
fotlndere of the 4oadoiny of Medicine at
Paris, and died in 1814, greatly respected.
A somewhat similar inetrument hae been
need in Italy, et Halifax in England, and
in Scotland. The Scotch called it the
Maiden and the Widow. The Act oI
incorporation of . Halifax empowered the
town to pnnish by decapitation any crimi-
nal convioted of stealing to the value of 133.
pence. King James I. in 1620 took this
power awa
• In the 38 yeare of HenryVIII.'e reign
72,000 criminals were executed in E:ngland-
In.the ten years between 1820 and 1830.
-there .vers Fxeo tPd in_Ergland alone 797
criminals, but as the laws becao less
severe the number of executions decreased.
In the three- years ending 1820 the
exeoutio3B in England and Wales amounted
to 312 ; in the three years ending
1840 Only were 62. 'rho dissection of
the bodies of executed persons was
abolished in 1832. • Jack Sheppird, the
highwayman, - perished on the scaffold in
1724 ; Eugene Aram, the murderer. in
1759 ; Rev. Henry Hackman, in 1779
John Holloway and Owen Haggerty in
1807. Thirty spectators of this execution
were trodden to detith, and numbers were
pressed, maimed and wounded. Burke,
who used to commit murder to supply
subjects for disseetion,suffered death in
1829 ; John Bishop, Thomas Williams and
Elizabeth Cooke were also hanged for
barking. William Dnell. executed for
murder at Tyburn in 1740; name to life
when . about . undergoing dissection at
Surgeons' Hall. Mary Hamilton was
hanged in 1746 for marrying 14 wives
of her own sex. Ann Williams
(1753) and Ann Bedingfield (1763) were
burned alive for the murder Of their hue,
bands. Elizabeth Herring (1773) was
hanged and then burned for a similar
crime. Renwick Williams, a "Jaok the
Ripper " monster, who, prowled nightly
throngh the streets of London, in 1790,
armed with a double-edged' knife, with
which he shockingly wounded many
females, was hanged. Fifty thousand.
people witnessed the execution of William
Palmer, the poisoner, at Stafford in 1856.
The British commission on capital pnnish-
tiient reported against public executions in
1865.
Tne edvieabilityof substituting death by
electricity for death by banging Las been
much discussed in the United States during
the last two years.
that organ. The patient was a man 65
years of age. The surgeons were Professor
Charles M°Burney of the College of Physi-
cians and Surgeons, and Dr. Frank Bartley,
of Roosevelt Hospital. Invitations had
been sent out to prominent members of the
profession, and over 100 spectators sat on
the benches.
The patient, who• had never been ad.
tele nee of either to . two or al-
co ' o io . rin . =,
possible cense for the canoeroas growth,
had in six months suffered ra tumorous
growth that invaded the entire right gide
of the tongue. While ether was adminis-
tered to the patient Dr. MoBurney ex'
plained that in such a case removal of the
oancetoae parte and enough of the healthy
tissues surrounding thee° was the only
way to save the lite of the patient. ' The
earlier this was done the better. In the
patient's ease death would almost certainly
occur in lees than six menthe were the
canner allowed to run its coarse. A eecone
dose of ether having been adminis-
tered to the unconscious patient the
surgeon made a final examination
with hie forefinger and dieoovered that
the disease was more extensive than he had
previously supposed, and that the removal
of the tongue through the opening of the
mouth would not be possible. Ile deter-
mined, therefore, to remove it by the
" Hooker method'.' -that is, by making an
inoieion ander the jaw and getting at the
root of the tongue neat. He made an in-
oision parallel with the lower border of the
lower ism from just below the right ear
,to the shin, thus forming a curved line.
The surgeon -found that the sub -maxillary
gland was affected by the disease and was
Much enlearged and hardened. Dr.
Hartley deftly removed it with a few oats
of his surgical, scissors. Ic now became
neceesary to out across the great artery
that supplied the tongue from the
left Bile. The Burgeons applied
ligatures to this veeeel, "then ' boldly
with the cut,
which was now quickly 'made to enter the
cavity of the mouth. The bleeding points.
Isere then caught with artery forceps, and
ligatures were applied. In all several
hundred ligetnres were thus applied before
the work of removing the organ could be
proceeded with. 'The incision was now.
quickly enlarged, and Profeesor MoBarney,
with a sharp hook, caught the diseased
orgite. and pulled„ t down through the
wound. Then, with 'deliberate once, fie
eevered it from the hyoid bone and larynx
-commonly called its' root:= Ho then out
away from the ceeophagus behind, and
Beoted it from the roof of the mouth, thus
completing the removal.
After stopping the bleeding. a dreesingof
the wound completed the operation. Prof.
MoBnrney says that the patient will not be
allowed anything to eat for several days,
when he will be fed with liquid food, which
will be given through an ceeophageal• tube
passed down the throat without disturbing
the dreseinge.' The floor of his month will
rise into' the place formerly occupied by
the tongue, and will perform some of the
important functions of the removed organ.
The patient will be able. to talk and swal-
low hie food. Of course the effects of the
operation will be very severe, and the result
can only be awaited with anxiety.,
HEROICS SAVAGES.
Some Deeds of Native Heroes in the Dark
Continent.
Col. Arohinard, the Frenoh oommander
in the Soudan, publishes in the Paris
papers_ an extraordinary story .ot the
heroism of one of the tribee whioh he was,
obliged to fight, says the New York Sun.
thibaebougoa is a citadel situated in the
Searle. It is the place whish enabled Sing
Amadon to keep up his communications
between Moro and the kingdom of Begun.
In fact, it was the key We the latter king-
dom; mar falling -fined. the. hitudit. a'l..the
Frenoh, it secured for them the possession
tel
`l milerae tribes, w7ii"o were oppreetecil"`1tly-
Arnadon. With twenty-seven Europeans,
inoludng officers ; 265 Turooe, two moun-
tain guns of eighty, and a number of Barn -
bares, Col. Arobinard marched upon
Qaosebongon. The queer -named plane is
an immenee village in the centre of a
sandy country. Its walls are well
fortified with battlements and numer-
ous baetione, and outside the gates
SOLD H13 FAMILY.
A Nova Scotian Sells Bis Wife and Throe
Children for 340.
A Halifax despatch says : Some months
ago a roan named William Gifford, of this
city, entered into an agreement with one
George Thomson for the sale ' of his
(Gifford's) wife and, family for the sum of
40, the conditions of the sale being that
Thomson should take Dare of the children
until thoy`teaohed the age of 16 years. The
transfer of the wife and family wee ,made,
and since them Thomeon has been living
with Mrs. Gifford and her children. Every-
thing went along serenely for a time. Some
time ago, however,trouble arose. Thomson
is charged with cruelly beating two of the
children and with turning -another out of
doors under distressing circumstances. He
bas alp° madeit very hot for hie purchased
wife, whom he looke upon now as a poor
investment. The S. P. C., has decided to
issue warrants for the 'apprehension of the.
children, when they will be planed in an
institution.
In school-" We come now to transparent
objects. Emily, give me an example."
" A pane of glee ." ' Correct ; and now
Sophy Tay give one." " A key -hole."
=-Jaok (who had popped) -It takes you
a long time to decide. Sallie -1 know. And
I've about concluded to wear a demi-train
of white ohiffron over white silk, and have
no bridesmaids.
The town of Cardiff, Wales, will halo the
unique distinction of having a marquis as
mayor next year. Lord Bute was &eked to
accept the office, and he at once oomplied.
The Glasgow Cancer Hospital was opened
daring the laet week in October by the
Duchess of Montreal. It iethe only insti-
tution in Scotland especially devoted to
the treatment of this dreadful disease,
which is said to bo more prevalent than in
any other of the British aornioions ; and
that the need for it was fully retie nizod
sea
, . 1 •F. .'.
A Royal Betrothal.
The sensation in Court circles is the mar-
riage of Princess Victoria of Prussia with
Prince Adolphnscf Sehaumbnrg- Lippe. Itis
well known that the Queen highly approves
of' the match, which will be celebrated in
Berlin on tho 191h inst. Though the
Prince of Wales will not be able to5bo
preeent at the oeremony,• the English
Royal family will be largely represented,
for the Duke cf Clarence, the Dukes and
Dncheeses of Edinburgh and Connaught,
and Prince and Princess Christian will 'Le
present. The fetes will begin in Berlin on
the 17th, and will extend over five days.
column arrived in front of it the blank
heade of the defenders appeared upon the
walla, while the tabala, or war call, aonnded
oontinnously. Fire was opened by two
guns, and in about four hours a breach was
made ;'but the defenders seemed to oars
very little about that breach, and many of
them name coolly to examine it, after
whish they shouted defiantly at the invad-
ers. At last the Bambaras made a daeb
upon the wells, whioh were • situated 'at
About 200 meters from the village. It sae,
absolutely necessary to get water, fir the
troops were suffering greatly from thirst.
The detendere seemed to reserve their
cartridges for this good opportunity, when
they opened a tierce and rapid fire. Sev-
eral of the Bambaras were shot down, but
the others continued to' drink at the wens
while the bullets whistled around them. At
4 o'clook the defenders were massed near
the breach, and, notwithetanding the con-
tinuous fires of rnuaketry and artillery
which thinned their ranks perceptibly,
they seemed fatly determined to continue
the struggle. The colonel gave the order
to charge upon the breach. The two gone
were worked with increased activity, and
ceased firings only when- the column was
within 100 meters of the trench. Lieut.
Levaseenr, with hie Turoos, was the firet
to enter the breach. Then the fusillade
became intense. The Tiercoe rushed into
the village, but soon their advance was
checked. Levaeseur wes wounded. Four
Turcos took him to the reear, and in so
doing two of them were killed. Two others.
immediately took their places and carried
the lientenarnt e -e'-atgi-b aneej Ga- t1
Mangin took Leveseeur's place, and. he,
too, fell mortally wonrsded. The attacking
party remained at a standstill. ` Not
another inch could they gain upon the de-
fenders. Thi° condition of affairs became
embarrassing; so the colonel threw all his
reserves into the attack. The allies then
became discouraged and ran. The
t ureos maintained their position, but were
unable -to-advance.--•Some--of--the - f agitives
were 'induced to return, and the colonel
gave orders for the regulars to hold at all
hazards the carried positions. Capt. Bar.
dot received an order to take up a posi-
tion near the breach, and to fire shells into
the village and the redoubt all through
the night, in order to prepare the road tor.
the movement in 'the morning. M.
Madembs, a political agent of the French,
and one of the most•nsefal, was shot dead.
The fire of the inhabitants oontinued with
vi Jleneee while that of the ' invaders was
slackened in order to spare the ammuni-
tion. At. 2 30 o'clock in the morning a
terrible wer.ory was heard, and the fire of
the defenders became more serious. They
were advancing, and at short range they
made a desperate charge upon the captured
positions. It was a gallant sortie, but it
was repulsed. At 3 o'clock or a little after
another similar charge was made, with the
same result. At last the day broke. • The
eitnation was oritieal. The troops were
exhausted, and many of the officers were
wounded. However, the advance was
made. The Bambaras were determined to
;fight hard this time. They marched coolly
to the attack, and soon captured the re-
doubt. The wounded among them often
returned to the fight,- after getting a new
enpply of cartridges, at their "own request.
The son of one of the native chiefs received
two bullets in his arrp. It was shattered.
When it was bandaged he returned to the
combat. At this point in the struggle the
. resistance was ail stubborn as.it was in the
beginning ; but it was the last convulsion
of the heroin village. The defenders of the
redoubt were eurrounded, but they fought•
on desperately; while they shouted insults
at the invaders. Their resistanoe was hope-
less, but they still kept it, up.
And here comes the most extraordinary
portion of the story. The chief of the
Onosebougons, Bandiougon Diara, realizing
hie position, gathered his remaining troops
over the magazine, and, rather than sur-
render, blew himself and them to atoms.
It was then only that the tabala ceased.
But the resistance wee still kept up in the
village by the stragglers. Even the women
took part in it, and sore of thebrave bar-
barians, when about to be made prisoners,
shot themselves rather than be taken alive.
They fought to the last man.
If among the African tribes there are
many more warriors like.the Oaosebougons
there will be some tough fighting in the
Dark Continent before long. Anyway,
Bandiongon Diara was a hero.
WASHINGTOK RELICS.
The Father of Ills Country Kept *laves-.
Distilled Whiskey and Patronized Lot'•
tortes.
splendid oolleotion of Waehingtoniane
probably the finest in the country, sari
the Philadelphia Record, ie naw Pt $
Chestnut street amnion honss being oats
logued preparatory to a wale in Is few
weeks. Many of the papers and books
exhibit Washington • in a light guide
different from that in whish be is ordi-
narily regarded. They show him rather
bee b crp;'cia!, metho..wiaes f:.S.ye_ ".,.^43 !nude
nese man than a3 a great general or as
e
mei .. t to e, .Pmts staff are
^
1 erewFln
re-` ntana'ble
}all the
m0 v
that a000nnt. Among the genie of the
oolleotion are two oath books of Washing.
ton, in whioh he recorded every expendt-
tare with the utmost preoieion, even down
to the few pennies given to a beggar or
the tolls paid for ferriage and on tarn-
pikes.
Following are a few of the items pinked
out from the two little books :
till•7 , ; i ,.-
the education o poor children at the
Academy in Alex le 60
By charity to the poor of Alex, per the Rev
Ja. Muirs, res • 100
By my subscription to the reciter of Fairfax
parish 10
Oct. I8—Gave my servant Christopher
Dhear his expenses to a person at
Lebanon, Pennsylvania celebrated for
curing persons hit by wif .» d animals......25
Oot. 22 (1795)—To cash' recd. from Ea. J.
Dandridge by his brother, Barth. Dand-
ridge, for a runaway negro sold, viz-.....». leo
Nov. 1—Eient Col. Carrington exps. for an .
express to lilr. Patrick Henry • 25
This sum ought to be charged to the pub -
lis, being for a public purpose.
July 8 (1796)—Sent to Genl. Cho. C. Pinok-G
ney 300 dollars in Columbia Bank , notes
for the sufferers by dee, Charleston, S.
Car
Sept. 19—Folina.erry at Schuylkill
Feeding at the Buck T
Dining at the Paoli
Turnpikes, 6
Bill at Downingtoh
Smart Aleck Snobs.
w York Advertiser Reformer : If yon'
want to be ; a a " breezy' writer for the
preee don't start by being a cyclone and
looking around for things to demolish. Be
a zephyr and gently touch end go, pooling
and pleasing those who feel and see. Giv-
ing a person or thing " a blast" is not
" breezy writing" • and to " pitch into"
things or persona for the sake of being
" emart" is too mean and vulgar an act for
any decent person to do.
Mnoh of the piety that passes for the
genuine article ie so thin that it oan be
spread over only one day in the 'week.
Theman who has no enemies must keep
a pretty sharp eye on hie friends.
Worry is it bleacher who is forever
making your hair white.
The rain descends on the just end the
unjust. The just get wet and the unjust
steal umbrellas.
AN INFALLIBLE SIGN.
Whene'er It rains just noto the way that the
umbrella's carried
And you can tell if he and she aro wedded or
unmarried.
For if by it she's carefully protected from the
weather
It's safe to say their loving hearts aro not yet
joined together.
But it he's nice and dry the while the rain drops
on her bonnet,
They're married and it's safe to bet your bottom
dollar on it. —Chicago Post.
-The craze for decorative lamps con-
tinues.
Paris and London may soon bo connected
by telephone. Tho two' oepitals have
already been oolineoted with their respect.
tive coasts by aerial lines, and a cable to
complete the circuit is beingtesoinfectueed„
Tho cable will bo a double one, and will be
laid between Kent and Sangate, the Frenoh
and English governments sharing the cost.
The circuit between the two pities will be a
•is evidenced by the fact that it h been metallic one, and will have the resistance
started perfectly free from debt. of 5,900 ohms.
Meet Punishment.
New York Weekly : % Mr. Sornbbs (in.
dignantly)-Sir. I have just discovered that
yon' can has engaged himself to two of my
daughters.
Mr. Grubbs (stupefied) -The young
raeoal l He should be compelled to marry
them both. •
He Was in Doubt.
Chicago News : What did the dootor
say about your wife 7"
" He told me I must prepare for the
worst. So I don't know whether he meant
she's going to live or die."
Those who make a business of pleasure
will find pleasure grown a task. The
sweetest . joys are those slipped in between
the sunset of one labor day and the sunrise
of another.
If men would only aot on the good advice
they keep on tap for others the world would
not bo half ouch a bad place to live in.
13
9'u
L90
1.47
Items of pooket money -tor Mre.Washing-
ton and Nelly Curtis are oommon. -
In hie earlier years Washington was s
liberal buyer of lottery tickets, and
many of these are preserved in the col-
lection. With them is a paper in which
this id .written in Washington's hand-
writing : • •
" Williamsburg, 5th May, 1768. Received
from the Rouble William Byrd, Earle
Twenty tickets in hie lottery, to be paid for
(so far as it may go) by a protested bill of
exohange of his drawing on John Morton
Jordon in May, 1766, for sixty-four' pounds
sterling."
In 1772 Washington purohesed six tickets
in " the Delaware lottery for the sale of -
land belonging to the Eerl of Sterling iia
e provinces of N i or i ant ew er-
eey," and'the tiokets,'all signed " Stirling,"
are still preserved. History fails to say
whether he was successful in any of these
ventures.
A unique paper possessing. remarkable
interest is one of eight pages, all in Wash•
iogton's neat, careful handwriting, heeded,
" Negroes belonging to -George Washington
in His „,-Own Right and By Marriage."
This is followed by a list Containing the
name of every slave owned by Washington,
with his 000upation and an occasional note
as to his or her usefulness. It will be is
surprise to most people to know that
Washington was a very extensive slave -
owner. The list has the names of,,317
claves, and in :addition he hired 40 from
a Mrs. French. He had 40 slaves at
Mansion House, 46 at Muddy Hole, 54 at
the River farm, 40 at Dogue Run farm, 32
at the Union farm and others. at other
planes.
It i3 very apparent from ;the papers .9
this collection, and the extent of his ex-
penditures, that Washington was a man ot
unusual wealth for hie day. Besides run-
ning a numb& of farms, he had at Mount
Vernon a fishery and distillery,from whish
be supplied good liquor to his neighbors.
The accounts of these two establishments
were kept by his secretary, Tobias Lear, in
a ledger still admirably preserved, and
whose paper, made by hand on the Brandy-
wine and of splendid texture, is alone Worth
to -day 50 cents a page.
Among the items in this ledger is one of
219 gallone sold William Washington, the
General's brother, for 5127.75, and another
of 29.5 -gallons of " fine reotifled whisky'
Bold to Bnshrod Washington for $27.04.
The ex President supplied hie neighbors
with good fish .and whiskey, and probably
made a good profiton both.
A Sensational German Murder.
A sensational affair has just happened at
Ripendorf, a village near Wandebeok, three
miles from Hsmbnrg. When Andreae
Pooh, a peasant farmer;, was returning
home late at night, accompanied by his
wife, he noticed lights in a front room of
the house., On investigating he found
three melted burglars trying to open hie
safe. Poch drew his revolver, and, firing, .
disabled all three. He then rushed to the
police station, and on hie return found ono
of the men dead and the others fatally
wounded. The dead burglar was his own
brother, while the others were 'his
coueine.
The Old Reprobate.
West Shore : Editor (to Mise Oldgirl,
aged about forty) -Your work shown
promise madam, , but do yon know that
good literary work is seldom done by a
woman until ehe is thirty or thirty-five?
Several years hence you will be able to
write available articles.
Miss Oldgirl (as ehe 'leaves) -That wive
the moot delightful man I ever met.
A Common Experience.
New York Herald :
Ho etood upon the platform and waserootod
the spot,
Tho while the people cheered him on and
loudly cried : "Hoorayy!"
But, when they stopped, the orator, so:,pleased,
blast forgot
Just why it was bo stood" there and just what;l>f!
bad to say.
Several of the large institution° for
women in England have organized fire
brigades composed exclusively of 'women.
The ladies understand and perform their
duties well, but have not yet found a oos-
tnme that i1 entirely satisfactory. A sort
of waterproof b&thing suit is what le
wanted.
Rochefort has fought twenty-three duels
during his career as a pamphleteor find
editor, having been wounded in seven of
them and oaoaped unhurt in the remaining
sixteen.
•